{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T00:15:30Z","timestamp":1777680930187,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,1]],"date-time":"2006-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1149120000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hist Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>After his 17-year-old son suddenly developed a chronic psychotic illness in 1905, Bayard Taylor Holmes (1852\u20131924), a Chicago physician and surgeon with no psychiatric training, conducted both library and laboratory research on dementia praecox, as described in Part 1 of this two-part study. By late 1915 he believed he had found support for a focal infection theory of its aetiology \u2013 an ergot-like toxaemia caused by faecal stasis in the caecum. Holmes was also the editor of what is believed to be the first medical journal named after a psychiatric disorder: Dementia Praecox Studies. Part 2 will describe Holmes\u2019 adoption of a rational therapy (using it first on his son, who died), and his founding of a Psychiatric Research Laboratory.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0957154x06059456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,18]],"date-time":"2006-05-18T05:17:58Z","timestamp":1147929478000},"page":"183-204","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Infectious insanities, surgical solutions: Bayard Taylor Holmes, dementia                 praecox and laboratory science in early 20th-century America. Part 1"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Richard","family":"Noll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Department, DeSales University, Center Valley, PA 18034-9568,\r                        USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","first-page":"120","volume":"34","author":"Beatty, W. K.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Institute of Medicine of Chicago"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/9780520917934"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/30090"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fauser, A. (1912) Einige Untersuchungsergebnisse und klinische Ausblicke auf\n                Grund der Abderhaldenschen Anschauungen und Methodik. 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M\u00fcnchner medizinische Wochenschrift, 60 (9 Sept.), 1984\u20139."},{"key":"atypb8","first-page":"444","volume":"9","author":"Fenger, C.","year":"1887","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"atypb9","first-page":"1","volume":"11","author":"Hektoen, L.","year":"1937","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Medical Institute of Chicago"},{"key":"atypb10","first-page":"318","volume":"13","author":"Herrick, J.","year":"1941","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Institute of Medicine of Chicago"},{"key":"atypb11","first-page":"171","volume":"63","author":"Holmes, B. T.","year":"1893","journal-title":"Medical News [Philadelphia]"},{"key":"atypb12","first-page":"357","volume":"24","author":"Holmes, B. T.","year":"1908","journal-title":"Medical Progress [Louisville, KY]"},{"key":"atypb13","first-page":"5","volume":"99","author":"Holmes, B. 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Jahrhunderts (Zurich: Juris Druck)."},{"key":"atypb34","first-page":"145","volume":"36","author":"Kaasch, M.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Historica Leopoldina"},{"key":"atypb35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kahlmeter, G. (1914) Blutuntersuchungen bei einem Fall von Dementia praecox\n                mit periodischem Verlauf. Zeitschrift f\u00fcr die gesamte Neurologie und\n                Psychiatrie,24, 483\u2013500.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02866293"},{"key":"atypb36","unstructured":"Kraepelin, E. (1896) Psychiatrie. Ein Lehrbuch f\u00fcr Studierende und\n                \u00c4rzte. F\u00fcnfte, vollst\u00e4ndig umgearbeitete Auflage\n                (Leipzig: Johann Ambrosius Barth)."},{"key":"atypb37","unstructured":"Kraepelin, E. (1913) Psychiatrie. Ein Lehrbuch f\u00fcr Studierende und\n                \u00c4rzte. 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