{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T23:21:31Z","timestamp":1791415291345,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,29]],"date-time":"2011-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1322524800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hist Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The concept of traumatic neurosis conceived by Hermann Oppenheim (1858\u20131919) located post-traumatic nervous symptoms between hysteria and neurasthenia, considering them a consequence of physical reactions to fright and a cause of molecular tissue changes. As early as 1890, his concept was criticized at an international congress in Berlin. In February 1916, there was a significant debate of the issue in Berlin, and eventually Oppenheim\u2019s concept was completely defeated at the war meeting of German neuropsychiatrists in September 1916 in Munich. In the Berlin debate, a range of views on war neurosis was presented. Partly as a result of this, but also due to the powerful position of Oppenheim himself, it was not until after the end of WWI that traumatic neurosis was excluded from medico-legal assessments. The differing views of physiological brain-mind relations from that time do not differ greatly from present concepts. However, Oppenheim\u2019s traumatic neurosis with its more quasi-neurological picture should not be equated with PTSD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0957154x10390495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,30]],"date-time":"2011-11-30T08:11:32Z","timestamp":1322640692000},"page":"465-476","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["The fight for \u2018traumatic neurosis\u2019, 1889\u20131916: Hermann Oppenheim and his opponents in Berlin"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Bernd","family":"Holdorff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chairman of the Deutsche Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Geschichte der Nervenheilkunde"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dr Tom","family":"Dening","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0957154X10390495","first-page":"275","volume":"13","author":"Bernhardt M","year":"1876","journal-title":"Berliner klinische Wochenschrift"},{"key":"bibr2-0957154X10390495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511529252.011"},{"key":"bibr3-0957154X10390495","first-page":"321","volume":"11","author":"Birnbaum K","year":"1915","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr die gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie (Referate und Ergebnisse)"},{"key":"bibr4-0957154X10390495","first-page":"1","volume":"12","author":"Birnbaum K","year":"1916","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr die gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie (Referate und Ergebnisse)"},{"key":"bibr5-0957154X10390495","first-page":"317","volume":"12","author":"Birnbaum K","year":"1916","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr die gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie (Referate und Ergebnisse)"},{"key":"bibr6-0957154X10390495","first-page":"457","volume":"13","author":"Birnbaum K","year":"1917","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr die gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie (Referate und Ergebnisse)"},{"key":"bibr7-0957154X10390495","first-page":"371","volume":"68","author":"Bonhoffer K","year":"1911","journal-title":"Allgemeine Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Psychiatrie"},{"key":"bibr8-0957154X10390495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000190896"},{"key":"bibr9-0957154X10390495","volume-title":"Handbuch der \u00e4rztlichen Erfahrungen im Weltkriege, 1914\u20131918","author":"Bonhoeffer K","year":"1922"},{"key":"bibr10-0957154X10390495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1200679"},{"key":"bibr11-0957154X10390495","first-page":"501","volume-title":"The History of Clinical Psychiatry","author":"Brown EM","year":"1995"},{"key":"bibr12-0957154X10390495","unstructured":"Charcot JM (1886) Neue Vorlesungen \u00fcber die Krankheiten des Nervensystems. 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