{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T00:24:59Z","timestamp":1777681499044,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,26]],"date-time":"2016-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1469491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hist Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>During the 1860s, Berlin\u2019s exterior physiognomy transformed radically. The city eroded the surrounding rural areas, and the frontiers of the old city centre were abolished. These transformations led to the disappearance of the visible frontiers that once demarcated the limits of the old residential Prussian city. In this context, the description of the clinical picture of agoraphobia by the Berlin psychiatrist Carl Westphal in 1872 marked a turning point, not only in psychiatric theories on anxiety but also in the conceptualization of our experience of space. In this paper, the authors trace the emergence of a new psychology-neurology episteme during the last third of the nineteenth century; and they argue that such an episteme became possible once the relations between anxiety and modern city-scape had been clearly articulated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0957154x16657710","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,22]],"date-time":"2016-07-22T21:39:43Z","timestamp":1469223583000},"page":"425-442","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["<i>Platzschwindel<\/i>\n                    , agoraphobia and their influence on theories of anxiety at the end of the nineteenth century: theories of the role of biology and \u2018representations\u2019 (\n                    <i>Vorstellungen<\/i>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Yazan Abu","family":"Ghazal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent scholar, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Devon E","family":"Hinton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0957154X16657710","volume-title":"Freud\u2019s Neurological Education and its Influence on Psychoanalytical Theory","author":"Amacher P","year":"1965"},{"key":"bibr2-0957154X16657710","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-6185(00)00041-4"},{"key":"bibr3-0957154X16657710","first-page":"488","volume":"15","author":"Benedikt M","year":"1870","journal-title":"Allgemeine Wiener medizinische Zeitung"},{"key":"bibr4-0957154X16657710","first-page":"1","volume":"17","author":"Benedikt M","year":"1894","journal-title":"Wiener medizinische Bl\u00e4tter"},{"key":"bibr5-0957154X16657710","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0963926805002622"},{"key":"bibr6-0957154X16657710","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511526725"},{"key":"bibr7-0957154X16657710","volume-title":"Repressed Spaces: The Poetics of Agoraphobia","author":"Carter P","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr8-0957154X16657710","first-page":"51","volume":"10","author":"Deutsch H","year":"1929","journal-title":"International Journal of Psychoanalysis"},{"key":"bibr9-0957154X16657710","volume-title":"Historische Grundlagen der Psychoanalyse","author":"Dorer M","year":"1932"},{"key":"bibr10-0957154X16657710","volume-title":"Clinical Psychiatry in Imperial Germany: A History of Psychiatric Practice","author":"Engstrom EJ","year":"2003"},{"key":"bibr11-0957154X16657710","volume-title":"The Archeology of Knowledge","author":"Foucault M","year":"2003"},{"key":"bibr12-0957154X16657710","volume-title":"Le Pouvoir Psychiatrique. Cours au Coll\u00e8ge de France (1973\u20131974)","author":"Foucault M","year":"2003"},{"key":"bibr13-0957154X16657710","first-page":"133","volume-title":"Selected Papers on Hysteria and Other Psychoneuroses","author":"Freud S","year":"1895"},{"key":"bibr14-0957154X16657710","volume-title":"The Fabric of Affect in the Psychoanalytic Discourse","author":"Green A","year":"1999"},{"key":"bibr15-0957154X16657710","first-page":"76","volume":"2","author":"Griesinger W","year":"1843","journal-title":"Archiv f\u00fcr physiologische Heilkunde"},{"key":"bibr16-0957154X16657710","volume-title":"Mental Pathology and Therapeutics","author":"Griesinger W","year":"1867","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr17-0957154X16657710","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02089719"},{"key":"bibr18-0957154X16657710","first-page":"107","volume-title":"Wilhelm Griesinger\u2019s Gesammelte Abhandlungen, I","author":"Griesinger W","year":"1872"},{"key":"bibr19-0957154X16657710","first-page":"127","volume-title":"Wilhelm Griesinger\u2019s Gesammelte Abhandlungen, I","author":"Griesinger W","year":"1872"},{"key":"bibr20-0957154X16657710","first-page":"229","volume-title":"Panic: Origins, Insight, and Treatment","author":"Hinton DE","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr21-0957154X16657710","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-5922.2011.01915_3.x"},{"key":"bibr22-0957154X16657710","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9780804771115"},{"key":"bibr23-0957154X16657710","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-65672-9"},{"key":"bibr24-0957154X16657710","first-page":"51","volume-title":"Psychopathologie als Grundlagenwissenschaft","author":"Janzarik W","year":"1979"},{"key":"bibr25-0957154X16657710","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1411494"},{"key":"bibr26-0957154X16657710","volume-title":"De la n\u00e9vropathie c\u00e9r\u00e9bro-cardiaque","author":"Krishaber M","year":"1873"},{"key":"bibr27-0957154X16657710","volume-title":"\u00c9tude clinique sur la peur des espaces (Agoraphobie des Allemands) \u2013 N\u00e9vrose \u00e9motive","author":"Legrand du","year":"1878"},{"key":"bibr28-0957154X16657710","volume-title":"Klinische Vorlesungen \u00fcber Psychiatrie auf wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen","author":"Meynert T","year":"1890"},{"key":"bibr29-0957154X16657710","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1992.tb04480.x"},{"key":"bibr30-0957154X16657710","volume-title":"Klinische Psychiatrie. Specielle Pathologie und Therapie der Geisteskrankheiten","author":"Sch\u00fcle H","year":"1886","edition":"3"},{"key":"#cr-split#-bibr31-0957154X16657710.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S\u00e9glas J (1888) Paranoia-Systematized Delusions and Mental Degenerations: An Historical and Critical Review, trans. by Noyes W. New York","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-188806000-00003"},{"key":"#cr-split#-bibr31-0957154X16657710.2","unstructured":"reprinted from The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, March 1888 (originally published in 1887 as: La paranoia, historique et critique. Archives de neurologie 13: 62-76, 221-232, 393-406)."},{"key":"bibr32-0957154X16657710","first-page":"368","volume":"22","author":"Snell L","year":"1865","journal-title":"Allgemeine Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Psychiatrie und psychisch-gerichtliche Medizin"},{"key":"bibr33-0957154X16657710","volume-title":"Textbook of Insanity Based on Clinical Observations for Practitioners and Students of Medicine","author":"Von Krafft-Ebing R","year":"1904","edition":"6"},{"key":"bibr34-0957154X16657710","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02089124"},{"key":"bibr35-0957154X16657710","first-page":"669","volume":"14","author":"Westphal C","year":"1877","journal-title":"Berliner klinische Wochenschrift"},{"key":"bibr36-0957154X16657710","first-page":"252","volume":"34","author":"Westphal C","year":"1878","journal-title":"Allgemeine Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Psychiatrie"},{"key":"bibr37-0957154X16657710","first-page":"354","volume-title":"Carl Westphal\u2019s gesammelte Abhandlungen, I","author":"Westphal C","year":"1892"},{"key":"bibr38-0957154X16657710","first-page":"383","volume-title":"Carl Westphal\u2019s gesammelte Abhandlungen, I","author":"Westphal C","year":"1892"},{"key":"bibr39-0957154X16657710","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1907.25320030015002e"}],"container-title":["History of Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0957154X16657710","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0957154X16657710","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0957154X16657710","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T08:40:05Z","timestamp":1777452005000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0957154X16657710"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,26]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0957154X16657710"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0957154x16657710","relation":{},"ISSN":["0957-154X","1740-2360"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0957-154X","type":"print"},{"value":"1740-2360","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,26]]}}}