{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T05:11:32Z","timestamp":1778908292819,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778371200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Vestibular Research"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), intermittent hypoxia and oxygen desaturation resulting from recurrent apnea episodes may adversely affect vestibular function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to provide a multidimensional evaluation of vestibular function in individuals with OSAS by assessing objective and functional\/subjective vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR), visual perception, and fall risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT), functional Head Impulse Test (fHIT), Tinetti Balance and Gait Test, and static and dynamic subjective visual vertical and horizontal tests were administered to 22 individuals with moderate OSAS, 22 with severe OSAS, and 23 healthy controls aged 18\u201355\u00a0years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fall risk was significantly increased in both OSAS groups compared with controls. Dynamic visual perception and functional VOR performance were predominantly impaired in severe OSAS, whereas vHIT gains did not differ between groups. Tinetti scores were not associated with subjective visual perception but showed moderate-to-strong correlations with fHIT performance in moderate and severe OSAS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fall risk is increased in OSAS, and functional VOR deficits may occur despite normal vHIT findings, suggesting involvement of higher-level (central) vestibular processing and underscoring the need for comprehensive vestibular assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09574271261451100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T04:53:16Z","timestamp":1778475196000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Virtual reality-based visual vertical perception, fall risk, and vestibulo-ocular reflex evaluation in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6434-1523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gamze","family":"Nas \u00d6z\u00fctemiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Baskent University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alper","family":"K\u00f6yc\u00fc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ba\u015fkent University Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ay\u015fe Elif","family":"K\u00fcpeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ba\u015fkent University Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2007.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13813450802307451"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.00216902"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1479972315606312"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S346241"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.10190"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2009.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2016.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200708-137MG"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2019.04.37"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-3433"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2018.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.27388"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3956(96)00037-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_6_18_2","first-page":"273","article-title":"Standardize mini mental test\u2019in t\u00fcrk toplumunda hafif demans tan\u0131s\u0131nda ge\u00e7erlik ve g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi","volume":"13","author":"G\u00fcngen C","year":"2002","unstructured":"G\u00fcngen C, Ertan T, Eker E, et al. Standardize mini mental test\u2019in t\u00fcrk toplumunda hafif demans tan\u0131s\u0131nda ge\u00e7erlik ve g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi. T\u00fcrk Psikiyatri Derg 2002; 13(4): 273\u2013281.","journal-title":"T\u00fcrk Psikiyatri Derg"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1986.tb05480.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_20_2","volume-title":"Tinetti balance and gait assessment'\u0131n (tinetti denge ve y\u00fcr\u00fcme de\u011ferlendirmesi) t\u00fcrk\u00e7eye uyarlanmas\u0131, ge\u00e7erlilik ve g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi","author":"A\u011f\u0131rcan D","year":"2009","unstructured":"A\u011f\u0131rcan D. Tinetti balance and gait assessment'\u0131n (tinetti denge ve y\u00fcr\u00fcme de\u011ferlendirmesi) t\u00fcrk\u00e7eye uyarlanmas\u0131, ge\u00e7erlilik ve g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi. Pamukkale \u00dcniversitesi, 2009."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_21_2","volume-title":"Straightforward statistics for the behavioral sciences","author":"Evans JD","year":"1996","unstructured":"Evans JD. Straightforward statistics for the behavioral sciences. Thomson Brooks\/Cole, 1996."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25021"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_6_23_2","first-page":"281","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS): effects on the vestibular system","volume":"30","author":"Gallina S","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gallina S, Dispenza F, Kulamarva G, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS): effects on the vestibular system. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 2010; 30(6): 281\u2013284.","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016489.2023.2269255"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.12516"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0145561320922126"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.819721"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-014-3294-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-019-05654-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060520909717"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-023-08063-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/apm-22-718"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00172"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2023.1264585"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.134.4.394"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2006.00550.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-020-01905-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2018.09.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2014.895039"}],"container-title":["Journal of Vestibular Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09574271261451100","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/09574271261451100","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09574271261451100","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T04:53:19Z","timestamp":1778907199000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/09574271261451100"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/09574271261451100"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/09574271261451100","relation":{},"ISSN":["0957-4271","1878-6464"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0957-4271","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-6464","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]]},"article-number":"09574271261451100"}}