{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T08:39:42Z","timestamp":1792312782461,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Vestibular Research"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Virtual reality can simulate the testing of cognitive, sensory, and motor skills using simulated environments. Eye stabilization is necessary to maintain visual acuity during rapid head movements; this is achieved through mechanisms such as the vestibulo-ocular reflex.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the short-term effect of a passive, non-interactive virtual reality stimulus on dynamic visual acuity and postural sway in healthy young adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>24 healthy young adults (9 males, 15 females) aged 20\u201339, with an average age of 26.08 \u00b1 4.14 were included in the study. All participants underwent the Sensory Organization Test (SOT), Static Visual Acuity Test (SVAT), Perception Time Test (PTT), Dynamic Visual Acuity Test (DVAT), Gaze Stabilization Test (GST), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) to assess symptoms that may arise from virtual reality. These tests were repeated for all participants after the virtual reality experience, and completed on the same day.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Statistically significant differences were obtained in the balance score of the SOT (COMP, mean decrease 2.29 points, 95% CI 0.49\u20134.10,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.015, Cohen\u2019s d = 0.54) and the left-side GST (mean increase 24.7\u00a0ms, 95% CI \u221245.82 to \u22123.64,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.024, Cohen\u2019s d = \u22120.52) in the pre\/post virtual reality experience comparison. Virtual reality had no statistically significant effect on SOT conditions 1\u20136 individually (all\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &gt; 0.05), although CON6 and PTT were borderline (CON6:\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.095, r = 0.34; PTT:\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.053, r = 0.40). No statistically significant differences were found between pre- and post-treatment in PTT and DVAT (both\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &gt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It has been demonstrated that a passive, non-interactive virtual reality stimulus may affect balance and gaze stabilization by increasing postural sway over a short, same-day time frame. Clinicians and researchers should be aware of these possible short-term effects when using similar VR-based paradigms for vestibular assessment and rehabilitation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09574271261494435","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T22:53:32Z","timestamp":1792104812000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Short-term vestibulo-ocular and postural effects of virtual reality in healthy young adults"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2876-9252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enes","family":"Turkoglu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7032-5658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Busra","family":"Altin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hacettepe University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songul","family":"Aksoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ba\u015fkent University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.00248"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2005.8.187"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016489.2018.1429653"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-5056(03)00034-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0090-5550.46.3.296"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215514556093"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000100348"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-200005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07370024.2016.1243478"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/105474605774918697"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10055-016-0285-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frvir.2026.1763018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.12.057"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17434440.2019.1693892"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12175519"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2008.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","first-page":"2","article-title":"The test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change of the sensory organization test and head-shake sensory organization test","volume":"2","author":"Cripps AE","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cripps AE, Livingston SC, Desantis B. The test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change of the sensory organization test and head-shake sensory organization test. J Sports Med Allied Health Sci 2016; 2: 2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25035\/jsmahs.02.02.02","journal-title":"J Sports Med Allied Health Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","first-page":"227","article-title":"Establishing normative change values in visual acuity loss during the dynamic visual acuity test","volume":"12","author":"Marquez C","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marquez C, Lininger M, Raab S. Establishing normative change values in visual acuity loss during the dynamic visual acuity test. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2017; 12: 227\u2013232.","journal-title":"Int J Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000001014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tsm2.228"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-200706"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","first-page":"3","article-title":"The head shake sensory organization test (HS-SOT): normative data and correlation with dynamic visual acuity testing","volume":"3","author":"Cripps AE","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cripps AE, Livingston SC. The head shake sensory organization test (HS-SOT): normative data and correlation with dynamic visual acuity testing. J Sports Med Allied Health Sci 2017; 3: 3.","journal-title":"J Sports Med Allied Health Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000000689"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-2011-0427"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-2010-0371"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1808-8694(15)31245-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.954050"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14763141.2022.2162434"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2006.260751"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2025.102771"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2024.1422581"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13102742"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2022.136586"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2022.103698"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-29713-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","unstructured":"Pitale JT Gokoglu A Barin K et al. Test order and visual feedback effects of sensory organization test in computerized dynamic posturography."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S2179-64912011000300013"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/16693"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","first-page":"130","volume-title":"Virtual Worlds","author":"Conner NO","year":"2022","unstructured":"Conner NO, Freeman HR, Jones JA, et al. Virtual reality induced symptoms and effects: concerns, causes, assessment & mitigation. In: Virtual Worlds. MDPI, 2022, pp. 130\u2013146."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447319609526139"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11332-011-0097-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/22134468-20191152"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22599\/bioj.257"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.1993.tb00496.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00283.2021"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11020221"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-59539-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DUI.2017.7893315"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/000164801300043541"}],"container-title":["Journal of Vestibular Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09574271261494435","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/09574271261494435","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09574271261494435","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T07:46:32Z","timestamp":1792309592000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/09574271261494435"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/09574271261494435"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/09574271261494435","relation":{},"ISSN":["0957-4271","1878-6464"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0957-4271","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-6464","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"article-number":"09574271261494435"}}