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Safety considerations, biodistribution patterns, and translational barriers are also critically discussed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Functional inorganic nanomaterials have emerged as promising platforms because they are physicochemically stable, possess tunable surfaces, exhibit catalytic activity, and provide multimodal attributes. These properties support their application in diagnosis, targeted treatment, and theranostic management of GI diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, this review provides a complete and critical insight into recent developments and future perspectives for translating functional inorganic nanomaterials from the laboratory to clinical application in gastrointestinal disease management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09592989261489483","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T14:59:22Z","timestamp":1790607562000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Functional inorganic nanomaterials for gastrointestinal disease management: Recent developments and future perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4133-8029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bin","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shengzhou People's Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0460-8940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lulu","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shengzhou People's Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0992-6263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shengzhou People's Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9486-5002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shengzhou People's Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.509681"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcs.70128"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-24009-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0325821"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000004687"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15082389"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C2CS35261C"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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