{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T03:01:54Z","timestamp":1790218914941,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789948800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004681","name":"Higher Education Commission, Pakistan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRPU Project No. 20-16551\/NRPU\/R&D\/HEC\/2021 2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRPU Project No. 20-16551\/NRPU\/R&D\/HEC\/2021 2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004681","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Biomimetic nanofibrous scaffolds have shown promising potential in tissue engineering as a means for local drug delivery of osteoinductive small molecules and recapitulating the nanotopograpy of the extracellular matrix (ECM).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The current study aims at construction a cytocompatible, biodegradable, drug loaded nanofibrous scaffold to enhance osteoblast cell proliferation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Herein, we synthesized berberine (BrB)-incorporated poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibrous scaffold via electrospinning, and various cellular and physicochemical characterization studies were performed using MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts to determine cytocompatibility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results demonstrate that BrB exhibits a hormetic effect with optimal dose at 10\u2005\u00b5g indicating an increase in osteoblast cell proliferation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed uniform, randomly aligned, beadless fibers, with greater proportion of fibers in lower nano-range with the addition of BrB. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy confirmed the elemental composition consistent with PCL and the successful incorporation of BrB. X-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrated preserved crystallinity of the PCL nanofibers, while Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy verified characteristic functional groups of BrB within the PCL matrix, substantiating its molecular integration. The scaffold exhibited controlled degradation and sustained drug release profiles with improved swelling capacity, which is favorable for tissue regeneration. Notably, PCL-BrB demonstrated biocompatibility and enhanced osteoblast cells adhesion and proliferation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Collectively, these findings validate the BrB-loaded PCL nanofibrous scaffold as a promising biomaterial platform for guiding osteoblast cells proliferation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09592989261489547","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T13:25:01Z","timestamp":1789997101000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Biofunctionalized nanofibrous scaffolds for enhancing osteoblast cells proliferation"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Kiran","family":"Konain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Khyber Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jieun","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariam","family":"Amir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Khyber Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sajida","family":"Farid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Khyber Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aiman","family":"Saeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Khyber Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Tahir","family":"Sarwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Khyber Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyung Mi","family":"Woo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2234-2274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saeed Ur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Khyber Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbiomolbio.2021.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59091546"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms251910474"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","first-page":"65","volume-title":"Tissue Regeneration","author":"Kusindarta DL","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kusindarta DL, Wihadmadyatami H. The role of extracellular matrix in tissue regeneration. In: Kaoud HAES (ed) Tissue Regeneration. London, UK: IntechOpen, 2018, pp.65\u201373."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2022.100479"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2021.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pat.5884"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms221910233"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.3c11093"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2024.124341"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10717544.2020.1831104"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08853282231190470"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0112078"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/rme.12.33"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","first-page":"1055516","volume-title":"Are natural products, used as antitumoral\/antiangiogenic agents, less toxic than synthetic conventional chemotherapy?","author":"Nunez CV","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nunez CV, Vasconcellos MCD, Alaniz L. Are natural products, used as antitumoral\/antiangiogenic agents, less toxic than synthetic conventional chemotherapy?. Frontiers Media SA, 2022, p. 1055516."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2021.113839"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12101883"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.17019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S357077"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.001542"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biology12070973"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.8077"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27144523"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10071739"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","first-page":"204","article-title":"Design of experiment approach based formulation optimization of berberine loaded solid lipid nanoparticle for antihyperlipidemic activity","volume":"83","author":"Sailor G","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sailor G, Ramani VD, Shah N, et al. Design of experiment approach based formulation optimization of berberine loaded solid lipid nanoparticle for antihyperlipidemic activity. Indian J Pharm Sci 2021; 83: 204\u2013218.","journal-title":"Indian J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1250040"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2019.02.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12253-019-00746-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000508972"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","first-page":"322","article-title":"Micro RNA 214 is a bone-formation inhibitor","volume":"2","year":"2013","unstructured":"Micro RNA 214 is a bone-formation inhibitor. Bonekey Rep 2013; 2: 322.","journal-title":"Bonekey Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/polb.24795"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcs7080343"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioadv.2025.214282"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/gels8100676"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12668-025-01924-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","first-page":"1189","article-title":"Thickness-controllable electrospun fibers promote tubular structure formation by endothelial progenitor cells","volume":"10","author":"Hong JK","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hong JK, Bang JY, Xu G, et al. Thickness-controllable electrospun fibers promote tubular structure formation by endothelial progenitor cells. Int J Nanomed 2015; 10: 1189\u20131200.","journal-title":"Int J Nanomed"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-88356-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2011.07.094"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/sc400360k"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-75792-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-010-9520-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2003.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tetasy.2005.08.053"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(02)00241-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejbas.2015.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15183819"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-023-00583-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2024.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","volume-title":"The extracellular matrix of animals. Molecular Biology of the Cell 4th edition","author":"Alberts B","year":"2002","unstructured":"Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, et al. The extracellular matrix of animals. Molecular Biology of the Cell 4th edition. Garland Science, 2002."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings12101544"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2012.0420"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.023820"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2010.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0139298"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqaf105"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app9050910"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/macp.200400225"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-79734-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1302594"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17020456"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-018-0180-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2015.11.027"}],"container-title":["Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09592989261489547","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/09592989261489547","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09592989261489547","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T02:46:57Z","timestamp":1790218017000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/09592989261489547"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"references-count":62,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/09592989261489547"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/09592989261489547","relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-2989","1878-3619"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-2989","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-3619","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"article-number":"09592989261489547"}}