{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T22:26:37Z","timestamp":1767651997075,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,8]],"date-time":"2016-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1457395200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>An electronic control unit for a fuel control system of two-shaft gas turbine engines plays an undisputable role in providing the required fuel flow to the engine as well as satisfying engine\u2019s operational characteristics. One of the main challenges in designing such unit is the accuracy of its performance and the control strategy implementation on an electronic hardware via repeatable and comprehensive tests. In this article, a hardware-in-the-loop simulation is presented for testing of the electronic control unit for a two-shaft gas turbine engine. For this purpose, the engine is first presented and modeled by the use of Wiener block structure method. The fuel controller with Min\u2013Max structure is then explained. Finally, the controller is implemented on a PC\/104 hardware and tested in an hardware-in-the-loop simulation in order to verify its correct performance. The results show that the fuel controller satisfies all of the engine\u2019s physical constraints, confirming the controller competence and successful implementation of the engine control algorithm on the PC\/104 hardware.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0959651816633352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,8]],"date-time":"2016-03-08T21:44:36Z","timestamp":1457473476000},"page":"512-521","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Hardware-in-the-loop simulation of two-shaft gas turbine engine\u2019s electronic control unit"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"230","author":[{"given":"Morteza","family":"Montazeri-Gh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Systems Simulation and Control Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran"}]},{"given":"Soroush","family":"Abyaneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Systems Simulation and Control Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran"}]},{"given":"Sajjad","family":"Kazemnejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Systems Simulation and Control Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,8]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Proceedings of SPIE 6228, modeling and simulation for military applications","author":"Fathy HK","key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","unstructured":"Fathy HK, Filipi ZS, Hagena J, . Review of hardware-in-the-loop simulation and its prospect in the automotive area. In: Proceedings of SPIE 6228, modeling and simulation for military applications, Orlando, FL, 22 May 2006, paper no. 62280E. Bellingham, WA: SPIE."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","first-page":"383","article-title":"Hardware in the loop simulation of mini type turbojet engine digital control regulator","volume":"19","author":"Cheng T.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cheng T. Hardware in the loop simulation of mini type turbojet engine digital control regulator. J Aero Power 2004; 19(3): 383\u2013386.","journal-title":"J Aero Power"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","first-page":"3125","volume-title":"Proceedings of 7th world congress on intelligent control and automation (WCICA)","author":"Cao Y","unstructured":"Cao Y, Teng W, Zhang H. Hardware-in-the-loop simulation for engine idle speed control based on ANFIS. In: Proceedings of 7th world congress on intelligent control and automation (WCICA), Chongqing, China, 25\u201327 June 2008, paper no. 4593421, pp.3125\u20133137. New York: IEEE."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3103\/S106879980801008X"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.simpat.2010.12.011"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","first-page":"603","article-title":"Design and realization of hardware-in-the-loop simulation for turbofan engine","volume":"18","author":"Bao W","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bao W, Sui YF, Liu ZM, . Design and realization of hardware-in-the-loop simulation for turbofan engine. J Syst Simul 2006; 18(6): 603\u2013615.","journal-title":"J Syst Simul"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","first-page":"434","article-title":"Hardware-in-the-loop simulation of turbofan aero engine control system","volume":"5","author":"Duan C","year":"2005","unstructured":"Duan C, Xie SS, Cai KL. Hardware-in-the-loop simulation of turbofan aero engine control system. J Propuls Technol 2005; 5: 434\u2013438.","journal-title":"J Propuls Technol"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","first-page":"451","article-title":"Hardware-in-the-loop simulation of a liquid fuel ramjet engine control system","volume":"22","author":"Xie GH","unstructured":"Xie GH, Meng L, Xue E, . Hardware-in-the-loop simulation of a liquid fuel ramjet engine control system. J Propuls Technol 200; 22(6): 451\u2013453.","journal-title":"J Propuls Technol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0967-0661(98)00205-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","volume-title":"Application of multi objective invasive weed algorithm (MOIWO) in the designing of turbo jet engine fuel controller and the implementation on a PC\/104 hardware","author":"Khalaf P.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Khalaf P. Application of multi objective invasive weed algorithm (MOIWO) in the designing of turbo jet engine fuel controller and the implementation on a PC\/104 hardware. MSc Thesis, Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran, 2013."},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","first-page":"225","article-title":"Hardware-in-the-loop simulation for testing of electro-hydraulic fuel control unit in a jet engine application","volume":"89","author":"Montazeri-Gh M","year":"2013","unstructured":"Montazeri-Gh M, Nasiri M. Hardware-in-the-loop simulation for testing of electro-hydraulic fuel control unit in a jet engine application. 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