{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:45:47Z","timestamp":1777927547373,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723507200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant 62373099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant 62373099"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, the attitude tracking control problem is investigated for flexible spacecraft. A novel feedforward-feedback composite control scheme is proposed based on the combination of a generalized proportional integral observer (GPIO) and the full-order sliding-mode control technique. To estimate the lumped disturbances composed of the flexible appendages\u2019 vibration, external environmental disturbance and model uncertainty, a generalized proportional integral observer is firstly constructed. Then, a two-layer recursive full-order sliding-mode surface is developed, where the inner layer is designed as linear sliding-mode surface and the outer layer is designed as a terminal sliding-mode surface. With the feedforward compensation of the GPIO\u2019s estimates, a continuous unwinding-free composite attitude tracking controller is derived to achieve the finite-time arrival of the full-order sliding-mode surface and further ensure the asymptotic set convergence of the attitude tracking errors. Rigorous set stability analysis of the closed-loop attitude tracking error system is given. Comparative simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed composite control scheme.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/09596518241262507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T06:42:41Z","timestamp":1723531361000},"page":"126-139","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Unwinding-free composite full-order sliding-mode control for attitude tracking of flexible spacecraft"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"239","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0876-844X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weiming","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation, Southeast University, and Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control of Complex Systems of Engineering, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 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