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Robust control of surface vessels has been a widely studied topic, with increasing attention to methods that can enhance stability and tracking performance even in the presence of complex disturbances. In this context, a fixed-time disturbance observer-based robust control is proposed for a three-degree-of-freedom surface vehicle under time-varying external disturbances. Firstly, a nonlinear disturbance observer is constructed to estimate random winds\/waves and dynamic model during a predetermined interval. Leveraging the compensation capability of the fixed-time observer, a fractional-order dynamic surface control is evolved for obtaining the optimizing system responses and resolving explosion of term phenomenon simultaneously. Furthermore, the trajectory tracking error of the closed-loop system is proved to be ultimately uniformly bounded by the Lyapunov theory. 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