{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T20:21:25Z","timestamp":1777666885548,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]],"date-time":"2008-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1207008000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hum Exp Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>To evaluate whether periconceptional exposure to oral contraceptives (OCs) increased adverse pregnancy outcomes, 136 pregnant women taking OCs within the periconceptional period were identified at the Korean Motherisk Program. Of them, 120 pregnant women accepted to participate in their study and were followed up until completion of the pregnancy. A control group of 240\u00a0age- and gravidity-matched pregnant women exposed to non-teratogen drugs for at least 1\u00a0month before pregnancy was also included. The median gestational age at delivery was 39.1 (27.0\u201341.0) weeks in the exposed group and 39.3 (27.4\u201342.0) weeks in the control group ( P\u00a0=\u00a00.19). In the exposed group, 7.1% of babies were born with low birth weight versus 2.6% in the control group ( P\u00a0=\u00a00.068). The number of preterm deliveries or babies born large for gestational age did not differ between the two groups. In the exposed group, the rate of birth defects was 3.2% ( n\u00a0=\u00a03\/99) versus 3.6% ( n\u00a0=\u00a07\/193) in the control group ( P\u00a0=\u00a01.0). There were 15 women who took high doses of progesterone (emergency contraception) and no adverse fetal outcomes were observed. In conclusion, periconceptional exposure to OCs does not appear to increase the risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327108092290","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,6]],"date-time":"2008-08-06T08:18:38Z","timestamp":1218010718000},"page":"307-313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Pregnancy outcome after exposure to oral contraceptives during the                 periconceptional period"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"HK","family":"Ahn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Korean Motherisk Program, Cheil Hospital and Women\u2019s                         Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea;                         Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil Hospital and                         Women\u2019s Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of                         Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JS","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Korean Motherisk Program, Cheil Hospital and Women\u2019s                         Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea;                         Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil Hospital and                         Women\u2019s Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of                         Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JY","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Korean Motherisk Program, Cheil Hospital and Women\u2019s                         Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea;                         Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil Hospital and                         Women\u2019s Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of                         Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MH","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil Hospital and                         Women\u2019s Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of                         Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JH","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil Hospital and                         Women\u2019s Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of                         Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"HM","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil Hospital and                         Women\u2019s Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of                         Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MY","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil Hospital and                         Women\u2019s Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of                         Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JH","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil Hospital and                         Women\u2019s Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of                         Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MK","family":"Koong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil Hospital and                         Women\u2019s Health-care Center, Kwandong University College of                         Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"AA","family":"Nava-Ocampo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology,                         Hospital for Sick Children, and the University of Toronto, Toronto ON,                         Canada; PharmaReasons, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Koren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology,                         Hospital for Sick Children, and the University of Toronto, Toronto ON,                         Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","first-page":"552","volume":"76","author":"Bracken MB","year":"1990","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"atypb2","first-page":"39","volume":"30","author":"Harlap S","year":"1985","journal-title":"Int J Fertil"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a112701"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.6068.1058"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(86)90352-2"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000153035"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320100103"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420380107"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116152"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420410602"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420430203"},{"key":"atypb12","first-page":"115","volume":"29","author":"Mastroiacovo P","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Ist Super Sanita"},{"key":"atypb13","first-page":"91","volume":"58","author":"De Santis M","year":"2006","journal-title":"Minerva Ginecol"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.122601"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610500160584"},{"key":"atypb16","first-page":"1228","volume":"40","author":"Cho JS","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Korean Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2004.19.4.509"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-18-6-559"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-19-11-1369"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420220302"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-7824(91)90117-X"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0029-7844(94)00341-A"},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6690469"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420490303"},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420510105"},{"key":"atypb26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(15)33279-8"},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.01.136"},{"key":"atypb28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(73)91286-5"},{"key":"atypb29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7210538"},{"key":"atypb30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-7824(89)90105-4"},{"key":"atypb31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016348309154227"},{"key":"atypb32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.165.3.3317498"},{"key":"atypb34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/153537020523000201"},{"key":"atypb35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2005.20.2.182"},{"key":"atypb36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"36 Brent RL; 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