{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T10:36:26Z","timestamp":1791110186860,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,1]],"date-time":"2009-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1241136000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hum Exp Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Endosulfan is a widely used insecticide that is associated with a high fatality rate in humans when ingested accidentally or with the aim of suicide. However, the literature concerning human endosulfan exposure is limited to case reports. Thus, we sought to 1) describe the clinical features of patients with acute endosulfan poisoning and 2) identify independent factors to predict patients\u2019 outcome. Fifty-two patients who presented with acute endosulfan poisoning between January 2001 and January 2007 were enrolled in this retrospective study. Sixteen (30.7%) of the 52 patients died, and 48 patients experienced seizures. Endosulfan poisoning caused the hypotension and the abnormalities on electrocardiogram at presentation. Over half of the patients developed complications, such as rhabdomyolysis, hepatic toxicity, and hypotension. These complications resolved without sequelae in the survival group. Refractory status epilepticus was the most common cause of death in this series (75.0%). Amount ingested being greater than 35 g of endosulfan was the most found to be an independent variable that predicted patient mortality. Patients with this risk factor must be treated aggressively during the early stage of endosulfan poisoning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327109106488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,15]],"date-time":"2009-09-15T11:24:29Z","timestamp":1253013869000},"page":"309-316","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Acute endosulfan poisoning: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"family":"Jeong Mi Moon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Byeong Jo Chun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","volume-title":"Goldfank\u2019s toxicologic emergencies","author":"Flomenbaum, NE","year":"2006"},{"key":"atypb2","volume-title":"Handbook of pesticide toxicology","author":"Hayes Jr, WJ","year":"1991"},{"key":"atypb3","volume-title":"The agrochemicals handbook","author":"Kidd, H.","year":"1991"},{"key":"atypb4","first-page":"1","volume":"123","author":"Wauchope, RD","year":"1992","journal-title":"Rev Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/rtph.1995.1049"},{"key":"atypb6","volume-title":"Documentation of the threshold limit values and biological exposure indices","author":"American conference of governmental industrial hygienists.","year":"1986"},{"key":"atypb7","first-page":"102","volume":"51","author":"Kutluhan, S.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurol India"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15563659209017943"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.1064"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650802559632"},{"key":"atypb11","first-page":"1030","volume":"47","author":"Karatas, AD","year":"2006","journal-title":"Singapore Med J"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2004.05.010"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2005.01412.x"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-008-0307-3"},{"key":"atypb15","first-page":"15","volume":"5","author":"Cho, JH","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Korean Soc Clin Toxicol"},{"key":"atypb16","first-page":"318","volume":"45","author":"Oktay, C.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vet Hum Toxicol"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/CLT-200035456"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcm072"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc1472"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2006.01147.x"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc5713"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.6271"},{"key":"atypb23","first-page":"474","volume":"36","author":"Chugh, SN","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS12424J"},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15563658809000353"},{"key":"atypb26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.77.5.461"}],"container-title":["Human &amp; Experimental Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0960327109106488","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0960327109106488","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:45:08Z","timestamp":1777448708000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0960327109106488"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0960327109106488"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0960327109106488","relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-3271","1477-0903"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-3271","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0903","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]}}}