{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T21:09:05Z","timestamp":1785186545147,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,1]],"date-time":"2009-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1241136000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hum Exp Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The effect of thimerosal on cytosolic free Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    concentrations ([Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ]\n                    <jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) in human oral cancer cells (OC2) is unclear. This study explored whether thimerosal changed basal [Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ]\n                    <jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>\n                    levels in suspended OC2 cells using fura-2. Thimerosal at concentrations between 1and 50 \u03bcM increased [Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ]\n                    <jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>\n                    in a concentration-dependent manner. The Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    signal was reduced partly by removing extracellular Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Thimerosal-induced Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    influx was not blocked by L-type Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    entry inhibitors and protein kinase C modulators (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate [PMA] and GF109203X). In Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -free medium, 50 \u03bcM thimerosal failed to induce a [Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ]\n                    <jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>\n                    rise after pretreatment with thapsigargin (an endoplasmic reticulum Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    pump inhibitor). Inhibition of phospholipase C with U73122 did not change thimerosal-induced [Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ]\n                    <jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>\n                    rises. At concentrations between 5 and 10 \u03bcM, thimerosal killed cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The cytotoxic effect of 8 \u03bcM thimerosal was potentiated by prechelating cytosolic Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    with the Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    chelator 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N\u2032,N\u2032-tetraacetate\/acetomethyl (BAPTA\/ AM). Flow cytometry data suggested that 1\u20147 \u03bcM thimerosal-induced apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. Collectively, in OC2 cells, thimerosal-induced [Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ]\n                    <jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>\n                    rises by causing phospholipase C-independent Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    release from the endoplasmic reticulum and Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    influx through non\u2014L-type Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    channels. Thimerosal killed cells in a concentration-dependent manner through apoptosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327109106548","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,6]],"date-time":"2009-08-06T21:26:01Z","timestamp":1249593961000},"page":"301-308","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Effect of thimerosal on Ca2+ movement and viability in human oral cancer cells"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"LN","family":"Kuo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CJ","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"YC","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Laboratory Medicine Division, Zuoying Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CC","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Tzu Hui Institute of Technology; Pingtung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JL","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"KL","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ST","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HT","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JM","family":"Chien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Ping Tung Christian Hospital, Ping Tung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HH","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 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