{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T20:26:08Z","timestamp":1777667168439,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,22]],"date-time":"2010-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1277164800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hum Exp Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Functional and morphological alterations were generated by p.o. (per os) administration of a single oral dose of carbon tetrachloride (CCl\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    ; 0.125 mL\/kg b.w., equivalent to 293 mg\/kg) to adult male Wistar rats. CCl\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    significantly increased (p &lt; 0.05) the serum activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT; 7478 \u00b1 1044%) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST; 6964 \u00b1 833%), compared to control rats; CCl\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    also significantly decreased serum concentration of albumin (23 \u00b1 5.5%) and increased the concentration of malondialhdeyde (MDA) in liver (300 \u00b1 33%). Furthermore, CCl\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    down-regulated the mRNA steady-state level of tumor necrosis factor a(TNF-a). CCl\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    produced necrosis in the central lobe area, extended to the periphery, nuclear alterations (pycnosis, karyolysis and karyorrhexis), and cytoplasmic acidophilia. The pretreatment with 4 mg\/kg (p.o.) of Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE), for 5 days, prevented most of the damage caused by CCl\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    : significantly decreased the serum activities of ALT and AST (54 and 65%, respectively), compared to CCl\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    -treated rats; GbE partially prevented the increase of liver MDA (55 \u00b1 14%) and the decrease of albumin concentration to 12 \u00b1 0.2%. This pretreatment prevented the down-regulation of TNF-a and up-regulated the interleukine 6 (IL-6) mRNA steady-state level. Moreover, the GbE reduced the amount of necrotic areas in the central lobe area, compared to CCl\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    -treated rats.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327110371698","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,22]],"date-time":"2010-06-22T23:29:04Z","timestamp":1277249344000},"page":"209-216","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Protective effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on liver damage by a single dose of CCl 4 in male rats"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"RM","family":"Ch\u00e1vez-Morales","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Aguascalientes, Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda y Farmacolog\u00eda, Aguascalientes, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Jaramillo-Ju\u00e1rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Aguascalientes, Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda y Farmacolog\u00eda, Aguascalientes, M\u00e9xico,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"FA","family":"Posadas del R\u00edo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Aguascalientes, Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda y Farmacolog\u00eda, Aguascalientes, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MA","family":"Reyes-Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Ju\u00e1rez del Estado de Durango, Departamento de Farmacolog\u00eda, Durango, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ML","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-V\u00e1zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Aguascalientes, Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda y Farmacolog\u00eda, Aguascalientes, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MC","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Salda\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Aguascalientes, Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda y Farmacolog\u00eda, Aguascalientes, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","unstructured":"Jaramillo F. , Rodr\u00edguez M., Reyes J. 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