{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T08:36:23Z","timestamp":1778661383656,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,21]],"date-time":"2011-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1298246400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hum Exp Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The aim of the current study was to elucidate the effect of Kupffer cells inhibition on hepatic injury induced by chronic cholestasis. Sprague-Dawley rats underwent bile duct ligation (BDL) or sham operation and were treated with either saline solution or gadolinium chloride (GdCl\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    , a specific Kupffer cell inhibitor, 20 mg\/kg i.p. daily). Serum and liver samples were collected after 28 days. Direct and total bilirubin concentrations and serum enzyme activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and \u03b3-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) increased following BDL ( p &lt; 0.01). On the contrary to bilirubin concentrations and AST activity, GdCl\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    partially prevented the elevation in ALP, ALT and GGT enzyme activities ( p &lt; 0.05). GdCl\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    alleviated lipid peroxidation (reflected by malondialdehyde [MDA] concentration) and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes (i.e. catalase and glutathione peroxidase) in liver samples after BDL ( p &lt; 0.05). Fibrosis, ductular proliferation and portal inflammation were also scored in liver samples. Among morphological changes appeared following BDL (i.e. marked fibrosis, portal inflammation and ductular proliferation); only ductular proliferation was not alleviated by GdCl\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    . Therefore, Kupffer cells inhibition has beneficial effects against the development of hepatic injury induced by chronic cholestasis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327111400106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,21]],"date-time":"2011-02-21T21:10:26Z","timestamp":1298322626000},"page":"1804-1810","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Gadolinium chloride, a Kupffer cell inhibitor, attenuates hepatic injury in a rat model of chronic cholestasis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Ali","family":"Zandieh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seyedmehedi","family":"Payabvash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, School of 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