{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T20:29:26Z","timestamp":1777667366258,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,4]],"date-time":"2011-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1301875200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hum Exp Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of carnosine, a biological antioxidant, on the oxidative stress and genotoxicity by a single dose of carbon tetrachloride (CCl\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    ; 5 mM) in the human lymphocyte culture. We studied the anti-genotoxic effects of carnosine by using sister chromatid exchange (SCE) test system. Also, the anti-oxidative effects of carnosine were evaluated by using superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) assay. The SCE frequency was increased when treated with CCl\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    . Carnosine at 10 and 20 mM reduced SCE frequency in the human lymphocyte ( p &lt; 0.001). In addition, CCl\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    treatment significantly depleted the level of GSH, reduced the activity of SOD and GPx and elevated the level of MDA ( p &lt; 0.001). Carnosine treatment led to significant attenuation of CCl\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    -induced oxidative stress by normalization of the activities of SOD and GPx and the level of GSH and MDA ( p &lt; 0.05 or 0.001). These results suggest that carnosine could provide anti-oxidative and anti-genotoxic protection for the oxidative and genotoxic agents that cause many diseases including cancer and neurodegenerative disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327111404908","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,4]],"date-time":"2011-04-04T22:14:14Z","timestamp":1301955254000},"page":"1979-1985","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Anti-oxidative and anti-genotoxic effects of carnosine on human lymphocyte culture"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Lokman","family":"Alpsoy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Fatih University, Faculty of Art and Science, Istanbul 34500, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gamze","family":"Akcayoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hilal","family":"Sahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0960327111404908","unstructured":"IARC, International Agency for Research on Cancer. 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