{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T03:29:14Z","timestamp":1792812554413,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,15]],"date-time":"2015-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1434326400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hum Exp Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    We studied the effect of silymarin and dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), a chelating agent that was administered individually or in combination against lead (Pb) toxicity in rats. Wistar rats (200 \u00b1 20) were randomly divided into five groups. Group A served as a control. Groups B\u2013E were exposed to 2000 ppm of lead acetate in drinking water for 8 weeks. Group B served as a positive control. Group C received silymarin (100 mg kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    orally) for 8 weeks. Group D received DMSA (75 mg kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    orally) once daily for the last 5 days of treatment. Group E received DMSA and silymarin as groups C and D, respectively. The effect of Pb was evaluated and accordingly the treatments on blood lead levels (BLLs), renal system, and genotoxic effects were calculated using comet assay. The BLLs were significantly increased following the exposition of lead acetate. The administration of silymarin and DMSA provided reduction in BLLs. Silymarin and DMSA provided significant protection on the genotoxic effect of Pb. The toxic effect of Pb on kidneys was also studied. Our data suggest that silymarin and DMSA improve the renal histopathological lesions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327115591373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,15]],"date-time":"2015-06-15T20:41:33Z","timestamp":1434400893000},"page":"398-403","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Silymarin and dimercaptosuccinic acid ameliorate lead-induced nephrotoxicity and genotoxicity in rats"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Y","family":"Alcaraz-Contreras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisi\u00f3n de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"RP","family":"Mendoza-Lozano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisi\u00f3n de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ER","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Alcaraz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisi\u00f3n de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Alfaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisi\u00f3n de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MA","family":"Gallegos-Corona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Quer\u00e9taro, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MA","family":"Ram\u00edrez-Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisi\u00f3n de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MA","family":"V\u00e1zquez-Guevara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisi\u00f3n de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0960327115591373","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/840547"},{"key":"bibr2-0960327115591373","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2010.11.033"},{"key":"bibr3-0960327115591373","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12291-013-0337-9"},{"key":"bibr4-0960327115591373","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650903174828"},{"key":"bibr5-0960327115591373","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15563650903321064"},{"key":"bibr6-0960327115591373","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2797(03)00025-5"},{"key":"bibr7-0960327115591373","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1615\/JEnvironPatholToxicolOncol.2014009712"},{"key":"bibr8-0960327115591373","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1615\/JEnvironPatholToxicolOncol.2013006923"},{"key":"bibr9-0960327115591373","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2014.05.005"},{"key":"bibr10-0960327115591373","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/938712"},{"key":"bibr11-0960327115591373","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.3207"},{"key":"bibr12-0960327115591373","first-page":"112","volume":"15","author":"Dashti-Khavidaki S","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"bibr13-0960327115591373","first-page":"1801","volume":"8","author":"Mili\u0107 N","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Prod Commun"},{"key":"bibr14-0960327115591373","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5507\/bp.2005.002"},{"key":"bibr15-0960327115591373","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2006.10.407"},{"key":"bibr16-0960327115591373","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/919374"},{"key":"bibr17-0960327115591373","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.1988"},{"key":"bibr18-0960327115591373","unstructured":"Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-062-ZOO-1999. 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