{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T12:05:03Z","timestamp":1789646703570,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,11]],"date-time":"2016-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468195200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hum Exp Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>T-2 toxin, a naturally produced Type A trichothecene mycotoxin, has been shown to damage the reproductive and developmental functions in livestocks. However, whether T-2 toxin can disturb the pubertal onset and development following prepubertal exposure remains unclear. To clarify this point, infantile female Sprague\u2013Dawley rats were given a daily intragastric administration of vehicle or T-2 toxin at a dose of 375 \u03bcg\/kg body weight for 5 consecutive days from postnatal day (PND) 15\u201319 (PND15\u2013PND19). The days of vaginal opening, first diestrus, and first estrus in regular estrous cycle were advanced following T-2 toxin treatment, indicating prepubertal exposure to T-2 toxin induced the advancement of puberty onset. The relative weights of uterus and ovaries and the incidence of corpora lutea were all increased in T-2 toxin-treated rats; serum hormone levels of luteinizing hormone and estradiol and the messenger RNA expressions of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and GnRH receptor also displayed marked increases following exposure to T-2 toxin, all of which were well consistent with the manifestations of the advanced puberty onset. In conclusion, the present study reveals that prepubertal exposure to a high level of T-2 toxin promotes puberty onset in infantile female rats by advancing the initiation of hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013gonadal axis function in female rats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327116629529","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,4]],"date-time":"2016-02-04T21:13:23Z","timestamp":1454620403000},"page":"1276-1285","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Prepubertal exposure to T-2 toxin advances pubertal onset and development in female rats via promoting the onset of hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013gonadal axis function"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"R","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y-M","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z-M","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S-Q","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-815590"},{"key":"bibr2-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2014.05.002"},{"key":"bibr3-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6909.2007.00145.x"},{"key":"bibr4-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0000000000000099"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr5-0960327116629529","first-page":"367","volume":"28","author":"Chirico V","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Biol Regul Homeost Agents"},{"key":"bibr6-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-800095-3.00002-X"},{"key":"bibr7-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4274\/jcrpe.v3i1.01"},{"key":"bibr8-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10934529.2013.762734"},{"key":"bibr9-0960327116629529","first-page":"101","volume":"228","author":"Nesic K","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"bibr10-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201100764"},{"key":"bibr11-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins2040572"},{"key":"bibr12-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2015.02.005"},{"key":"bibr13-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2007.10.020"},{"key":"bibr14-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-11-0876"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr15-0960327116629529","first-page":"487","volume":"19","author":"Nikaido Y","year":"2005","journal-title":"In Vivo"},{"key":"bibr16-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfs343"},{"key":"bibr17-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms9112146"},{"key":"bibr18-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kft233"},{"key":"bibr19-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2004.06.006"},{"key":"bibr20-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0748233709354554"},{"key":"bibr21-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2013.06.018"},{"key":"bibr22-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2012.09.005"},{"key":"bibr23-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2014.12.016"},{"key":"bibr24-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2015.04.001"},{"key":"bibr25-0960327116629529","volume-title":"Safety Evaluation of Certain Mycotoxins in Food: Prepared by the Fifty-Sixth Meeting of the Joint FAO\/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, vol. 47","author":"JECFA"},{"key":"bibr26-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2011.2481"},{"key":"bibr27-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/rtph.1999.1331"},{"key":"bibr28-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13105-010-0030-x"},{"key":"bibr29-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2011.01.029"},{"key":"bibr30-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2826.1997.00562.x"},{"key":"bibr31-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2011.04.004"},{"key":"bibr32-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2012.09.001"},{"key":"bibr33-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2004.05.012"},{"key":"bibr34-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.1813E"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr35-0960327116629529","first-page":"427","volume":"22","author":"Ponzo OJ","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuro Endocrinol Lett"},{"key":"bibr36-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116142"},{"key":"bibr37-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000124831"},{"key":"bibr38-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-6915(93)90093-E"},{"key":"bibr39-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-6915(98)00078-7"},{"key":"bibr40-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-6480(02)00622-6"},{"key":"bibr41-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6065\/apem.2013.18.2.55"},{"key":"bibr42-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmu009"},{"key":"bibr43-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/19396368.2011.651555"},{"key":"bibr44-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/det325"},{"key":"bibr45-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-13-0475"},{"key":"bibr46-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2013.09.007"},{"key":"bibr47-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2011.12.044"},{"key":"bibr48-0960327116629529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2012.10.036"}],"container-title":["Human &amp; Experimental Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0960327116629529","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0960327116629529","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0960327116629529","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:48:17Z","timestamp":1777448897000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0960327116629529"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,11]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0960327116629529"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0960327116629529","relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-3271","1477-0903"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-3271","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0903","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,11]]}}}