{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T20:37:46Z","timestamp":1777667866364,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,25]],"date-time":"2017-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1500940800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning","award":["2015R1C1A1A01054105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015R1C1A1A01054105"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hum Exp Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to examine the effects of lipid emulsion on the vasodilation and cardiovascular depression induced by toxic doses of calcium channel blockers. The effects of lipid emulsion on the vasodilation induced by bepridil, verapamil, nifedipine, and diltiazem were investigated in isolated endothelium-denuded rat aortae. The effect of lipid emulsion on the comparable hemodynamic depression induced by the continuous infusion of a toxic dose of either verapamil or diltiazem was examined in an in vivo rat model. The results showed the following decreasing order for the magnitude of lipid emulsion-mediated inhibition of vasodilation: bepridil, verapamil, nifedipine, and diltiazem. Lipid emulsion (0.5\u20132%) reversed the vasodilation induced by a toxic dose of verapamil, whereas only a higher concentration (2%) reversed the vasodilation induced by a toxic dose of diltiazem. Pretreatment with lipid emulsion alleviated the systolic and mean blood pressure decreases induced by a toxic dose of verapamil, whereas it had no effect on the decrease induced by diltiazem. Taken together, these results suggest that lipid emulsion alleviates the severe vasodilation and systolic blood pressure decrease induced by a toxic dose of verapamil, and this alleviation appears to be associated with the relatively high lipid solubility of verapamil.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327117721963","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,25]],"date-time":"2017-07-25T07:37:39Z","timestamp":1500968259000},"page":"636-646","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Lipid emulsion alleviates the vasodilation and mean blood pressure decrease induced by a toxic dose of verapamil in isolated rat aortae and an in vivo rat model"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"S-H","family":"Ok","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University 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