{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:09:28Z","timestamp":1787018968301,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]],"date-time":"2019-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016\/17050-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016\/17050-9"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hum Exp Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate maternal toxicity, teratogenic, and placental oxidative effects resulting from the exposure of rats to crack cocaine smoke during pregnancy. Pregnant rats were exposed either to the smoke of crack and ashes (Crack) or to the smoke of ashes alone, nonexposed or pair-fed with the Crack group. Crack group was exposed to the smoke resulting from the burning of 250 mg of crack for 10 min, twice a day, from 7 days prior to mating until cesarian on gestational day 20. Placental oxidative stress and classical parameters of maternal and fetal evaluation were studied, in addition to the morphometric analysis of the fetal metamers. Even in the absence of changes in body weight gain and feed intake, crack altered the reproductive performance of dams. Exposure to the drug promoted late closure of the fetal fontanel. Furthermore, the morphometric study of the brain mass (BM)\/skull cap ratio revealed a decrease in the BM of the fetuses exposed to the drug. Exposure to crack has an oxidative potential in fetal development, since exposure to the drug promoted placental lipid peroxidation. Our study showed that daily exposure to crack, even in lower frequency than that performed by users, has a teratogenic potential.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327119891219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,2]],"date-time":"2019-12-02T07:55:06Z","timestamp":1575273306000},"page":"411-422","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Crack cocaine smoke on pregnant rats: Maternal evaluation and teratogenic effect"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"EM","family":"Souza-Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo (ICAQF-UNIFESP), Diadema, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1401-7263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"RB","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo (ICAQF-UNIFESP), Diadema, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"KA","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo (ICAQF-UNIFESP), Diadema, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1412-2856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"IM","family":"Hueza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo (ICAQF-UNIFESP), Diadema, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.11.013"},{"key":"bibr2-0960327119891219","first-page":"191","volume":"3","author":"Malek A","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmaceut Anal Acta"},{"key":"bibr3-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2014.11.007"},{"key":"bibr4-0960327119891219","first-page":"9","volume":"3","author":"Carlini EA","year":"2001","journal-title":"Rev IMESC0"},{"key":"bibr5-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2013.03.012"},{"key":"bibr6-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420410605"},{"key":"bibr7-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1981.tb02222.x"},{"key":"bibr8-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1986.tb07830.x"},{"key":"bibr9-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0890-6238(01)00136-8"},{"key":"bibr10-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vascn.2015.09.003"},{"key":"bibr11-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-8933-4"},{"key":"bibr12-0960327119891219","first-page":"61","volume":"39","author":"Staples RE","year":"1964","journal-title":"Stain Technol"},{"key":"bibr13-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2006.378"},{"key":"bibr14-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(69)90064-5"},{"key":"bibr15-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3170","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)45228-9","volume":"247","author":"Misra HP","year":"1969","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"bibr16-0960327119891219","first-page":"89","volume-title":"Red cell metabolism. A manual of biochemical methods","author":"Beutler E","year":"1975"},{"key":"bibr17-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(79)81346-0"},{"key":"bibr18-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6"},{"key":"bibr19-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.29.2910"},{"key":"bibr20-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x"},{"key":"bibr21-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(00)00287-0"},{"key":"bibr22-0960327119891219","first-page":"384","volume":"47","author":"Cocores JA","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"bibr23-0960327119891219","first-page":"1099","volume":"10","author":"Dackis CA","year":"1984","journal-title":"Society for Neuroscience Abstract"},{"key":"bibr24-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-69-6-1256"},{"key":"bibr25-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(80)90122-7"},{"key":"bibr26-0960327119891219","first-page":"83","volume-title":"Central mechanism of anorectic drugs","author":"Blundell JE","year":"1978"},{"key":"bibr27-0960327119891219","first-page":"539","volume":"7","author":"Molina-Font J","year":"1998","journal-title":"Reprod Fertil Dev"},{"key":"bibr28-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.04.020"},{"key":"bibr29-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2005.08.053"},{"key":"bibr30-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0094"},{"key":"bibr31-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0b013e31827ae167"},{"key":"bibr32-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0047-20852012000100003"},{"key":"bibr33-0960327119891219","first-page":"405","volume":"32","author":"Viteri OA","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"bibr34-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1998.tb08247.x"},{"key":"bibr35-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0892-0362(88)90066-9"},{"key":"bibr36-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420430103"},{"key":"bibr37-0960327119891219","first-page":"242","volume":"24","author":"Cornelius MD","year":"2000","journal-title":"Alcohol Res Health"},{"key":"bibr38-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-0362(02)00271-4"},{"key":"bibr39-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-0362(01)00161-1"},{"key":"bibr40-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(93)90637-X"},{"key":"bibr41-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0029-7844(94)00424-C"},{"key":"bibr42-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9926(200004)61:4<291::AID-TERA8>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"key":"bibr43-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600690625"},{"key":"bibr44-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(91)90255-A"},{"key":"bibr45-0960327119891219","first-page":"998","volume":"75","author":"Rico H","year":"1990","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"bibr46-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-3057(97)00478-4"},{"key":"bibr47-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-1399"},{"key":"bibr48-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.106.3.e33"},{"key":"bibr49-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsj027"},{"key":"bibr50-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09732.x"},{"key":"bibr51-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s003810050488"},{"key":"bibr52-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2012.03.016"},{"key":"bibr53-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09722.x"},{"key":"bibr54-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4004(98)90018-2"},{"key":"bibr55-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.110.083907"},{"key":"bibr56-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2012.00126"},{"key":"bibr57-0960327119891219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200443080-00001"},{"key":"bibr58-0960327119891219","unstructured":"Fiocruz\u2013Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz e Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat\u00edstica. Perfil dos usu\u00e1rios de crack e\/ou similares no Brasil [Online], http:\/\/www.crianca.mppr.mp.br\/arquivos\/File\/publi\/senad\/senad_pesq_crack_total_17set2013.pdf (2013, accessed 4 December 2018)."}],"container-title":["Human &amp; Experimental Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0960327119891219","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0960327119891219","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0960327119891219","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:49:17Z","timestamp":1777448957000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0960327119891219"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0960327119891219"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0960327119891219","relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-3271","1477-0903"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-3271","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0903","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]]}}}