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Female rats aged 12 weeks were treated for 4 weeks with Pb (0.344 g kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    bw) associated or not with spirulina (5.3 g kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    bw).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Renal damage induced by Pb was related to a severe anemia, increases of oxidative stress-related parameters (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) (+29%), protein carbonyl (PCO) (+66.3%), and advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) (+110%)), plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (+80%), creatinine and urea levels in plasma, and uric acid concentration in urine, as well as genotoxic changes (+89.3% and +60% for DNA and mRNA levels, respectively). Conversely, LDH and antioxidant enzyme activities in kidney were decreased, as well as the levels of plasma uric acid, and urinary creatinine and urea levels. Spirulina-supplemented rats exhibited normal peripheral blood and renal parameters and renal histology. It can be suggested that Arthrospira platensis alleviates damages induced by Pb, thanks to its high phenolic content and antioxidant capacity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327120903490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]],"date-time":"2020-01-31T06:12:37Z","timestamp":1580451157000},"page":"855-869","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Protective effects of spirulina against hemato-biochemical alterations, nephrotoxicity, and DNA damage upon lead exposition"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1803-3308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M","family":"Gargouri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia"},{"name":"EA 7462 G\u00e9oarchitecture_Territoires, Urbanisation, Biodiversit\u00e9, Environnement, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Western Brittany, CS, Brest Cdex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Akrouti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Magn\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EA 7462 G\u00e9oarchitecture_Territoires, Urbanisation, Biodiversit\u00e9, Environnement, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Western Brittany, CS, Brest Cdex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"El Feki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Soussi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0960327120903490","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61766-8"},{"key":"bibr2-0960327120903490","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2012.5019"},{"key":"bibr3-0960327120903490","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2004.02.006"},{"key":"bibr4-0960327120903490","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.56.2.106"},{"key":"bibr5-0960327120903490","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5278.44689"},{"key":"bibr6-0960327120903490","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-7843.2007.00084.x"},{"key":"bibr7-0960327120903490","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2010.09.003"},{"key":"bibr8-0960327120903490","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-511X-9-35"},{"key":"bibr9-0960327120903490","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2003.09.009"},{"key":"bibr10-0960327120903490","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-6580.111550"},{"key":"bibr11-0960327120903490","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10616-014-9723-2"},{"key":"bibr12-0960327120903490","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118402238.ch7"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr13-0960327120903490","first-page":"39","volume":"2","author":"Ghaeni M","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl Food Biotechnol"},{"key":"bibr14-0960327120903490","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0072991"},{"key":"bibr15-0960327120903490","first-page":"992","volume":"40","author":"Alvarenga RR","year":"2011","journal-title":"Braz J Vet Res Anim Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr16-0960327120903490","first-page":"137","volume":"17","author":"Ibrahim A","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell J"},{"key":"bibr17-0960327120903490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.14715\/cmb\/2016.62.13.15","volume":"62","author":"Gargouri M","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"bibr18-0960327120903490","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2018-0428"},{"key":"bibr19-0960327120903490","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(87)48036-1"},{"key":"bibr20-0960327120903490","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pca.611"},{"key":"bibr21-0960327120903490","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2012.04.003"},{"key":"bibr22-0960327120903490","first-page":"1","volume":"358","author":"Council of European Communities","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Eur Commun"},{"key":"bibr23-0960327120903490","unstructured":"Lee GR, Foerster J, Athens JW. 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