{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T18:35:05Z","timestamp":1787855705005,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["91843301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["91843301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013318","name":"Shanxi Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["201903D321079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201903D321079"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013318","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hum Exp Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Background: The toxicological effects of fine particulate matter (PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) on the cardiopulmonary and nervous systems have been studied widely, whereas the study of PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    on systemic toxicity is not in-depth enough. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can cause multiple organ damage. The combined effects of co-exposure of PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    plus LPS on the stomach, spleen, intestine, and kidney are still unclear. Purpose: This study was aimed to explore the toxicological effects of co-exposure of PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    and LPS on the different organs of mice. Research Design and Study Sample Using a real-ambient PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    exposure system and an intraperitoneal LPS injection mouse model, we investigated multiple organ damage effects on male BALB\/c mice after co-exposure of PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    plus LPS for 23\u00a0weeks in Linfen, a city with a high PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    concentration in China. Data Collection: Eosin-hematoxylin staining, ELISA and the biochemical assay analysed the toxicological effects. Results: The pathological tissue injury on the four organs above appeared in mice co-exposed to PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    plus LPS, accompanied by the body weight and stomach organ coefficient abnormality, and significant elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines levels, oxidative stress in the spleen and kidney, and levels of kidney injury molecule (KIM-1) increase in the kidney. There were tissue differences in the pathological damage and toxicological effects on mice after co-exposure, in which the spleen and kidney were more sensitive to pollutants. In the PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    + LPS group, the superoxide dismutase inhibition and catalase (CAT) activity promotion in the kidney or spleen of mice were significant relative to the PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    group; the CAT and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in the spleen were raised considerably compared with the LPS group. Conclusions: These findings suggested the severity and sensitivity of multiple organ injuries in mice in response to PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    plus LPS.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/09603271211061505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]],"date-time":"2022-01-31T05:33:43Z","timestamp":1643607223000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Effects of real-ambient PM\n                    <sub>2.5<\/sub>\n                    exposure plus lipopolysaccharide on multiple organ damage in mice"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Wenqi","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 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