{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T20:43:35Z","timestamp":1777668215329,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740096000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020610","name":"Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020610","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012550","name":"National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["(\u00daNKP-23-3-II-MATE\/30.) (I.B.)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(\u00daNKP-23-3-II-MATE\/30.) (I.B.)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012550","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015498","name":"Ministry of Innovation and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TKP2021-NVA-22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-NVA-22"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015498","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Flagship Research Groups Programme"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hum Exp Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, we sought to determine the sub-chronic toxicological effects of AEC on zebrafish embryos.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We utilized fish early life stage (FELS) and fish embryo toxicity (FET) tests, vascular, neurological, and renal transgenic zebrafish lines, and gene expression anal-ysis of the zebrafish tissue.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the FET tests, AEC caused several abnormalities in the larvae, with the LC50 at 24 hpf being 4.076 \u00b1 0.221\u00a0mg\/L and 3.296 \u00b1 0.127\u00a0mg\/L at 96 hpf. In the FELS test, AEC was shown to be lethal following 16 days of exposure at 0.5\u00a0mg\/L, 1\u00a0mg\/L and 2\u00a0mg\/L. Some of the transgenic zebrafish lines exhibited slight changes in fluorescent signaling pat-terns after exposure to AEC at 1\u00a0mg\/L and 2\u00a0mg\/L. Notable results of the gene expression analysis revealed: gpx4b and got2 were downregulated in the liver; HIF1a was downregulated at 0.25\u00a0mg\/L and 0.5\u00a0mg\/L concentrations, NOTCH1a and fli-1 genes were downregulated at all concentrations, and A2b was upregulated in the vasculature; a1T, ngn1, elavl3, syn2a, mbp, gap43 were down-regulated in the nervous system; and wt1b was downregulated in the kidney.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discuccion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Altogether, the results of our study indicate the potential for AEC to cause harm to organisms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09603271251318968","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T09:44:41Z","timestamp":1740131081000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The acute and sub-chronic toxicological effects of 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole (AEC) on zebrafish"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Erna","family":"V\u00e1s\u00e1rhelyi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent Istv\u00e1n University, G\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gergely","family":"R\u00e1cz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B\u00e9la","family":"Urb\u00e1nyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent Istv\u00e1n University, G\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bal\u00e1zs P.","family":"Szab\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D\u00f3ra","family":"Szepesi-Bencsik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Istv\u00e1n","family":"Szab\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent Istv\u00e1n University, G\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ill\u00e9s","family":"Bock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent Istv\u00e1n University, G\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cintia","family":"Volner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent Istv\u00e1n University, G\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey Daniel","family":"Griffitts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent Istv\u00e1n University, G\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bal\u00e1zs","family":"Kriszt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Safety, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent Istv\u00e1n University, G\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katalin","family":"Bakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent Istv\u00e1n University, G\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151, Hungary"},{"name":"Premonstratensian St Norbert High School, G\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1750-2296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zsolt","family":"Csenki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent Istv\u00e1n University, G\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrrev.2007.09.001"},{"key":"bibr2-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es030477l"},{"key":"bibr3-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bk-2008-0995.ch003"},{"key":"bibr4-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/89.12.848"},{"key":"bibr5-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.02110s175"},{"key":"bibr6-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2014.08.016"},{"key":"bibr7-09603271251318968","unstructured":"Gergely I. R\u00e1cz Investigation of toxic, mutagenic and cancerogenic effect of water disinfection by- products using in vitro and in vivo models 2014. Budapest: Semmelweis University, Pathological Sciences Doctors School."},{"key":"bibr8-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2014.07.020"},{"key":"bibr9-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0959-437x(00)00074-5"},{"key":"bibr10-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-010611-134751"},{"key":"bibr11-09603271251318968","volume-title":"OECD guidelines for the testing of chemicals. Section 2: effects on biotic systems test No. 236: fish embryo acute toxicity (FET) test","author":"OECD","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr12-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1787\/9789264203785-en"},{"key":"bibr13-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2004.06.015"},{"key":"bibr14-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2019.01.008"},{"key":"bibr15-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0082137"},{"key":"bibr16-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1104225108"},{"key":"bibr17-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2009.06.024"},{"key":"bibr18-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4773(02)00413-6"},{"key":"bibr19-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2007.06.022"},{"key":"bibr20-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065028"},{"key":"bibr21-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx0002583"},{"key":"bibr22-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpc.2010.06.004"},{"key":"bibr23-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins14040252"},{"key":"bibr24-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.01.032"},{"key":"bibr25-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1998.8887"},{"key":"bibr26-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-213X-7-89"},{"key":"bibr27-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(96)13021-4"},{"key":"bibr28-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2006.11.004"},{"key":"bibr29-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2007.01.024"},{"key":"bibr30-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gep.2008.05.002"},{"key":"bibr31-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2006.03.024"},{"key":"bibr32-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.129.11.2639"},{"key":"bibr33-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.8.4667"},{"key":"bibr34-09603271251318968","first-page":"123","volume":"310","author":"Nielsen AL","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gene X"},{"key":"bibr35-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.10088"},{"key":"bibr36-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-genet-112618-043741"},{"key":"bibr37-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2016.06.029"},{"key":"bibr38-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2017.06.013"},{"key":"bibr39-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0925-4773(99)00256-7"},{"key":"bibr40-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2019.01.017"},{"key":"bibr41-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddr426"},{"key":"bibr42-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5TX00360A"},{"key":"bibr43-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118102138.ch8"},{"key":"bibr44-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vascn.2012.10.003"},{"key":"bibr45-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01693-16"},{"key":"bibr46-09603271251318968","volume-title":"National cancer Institute fact book. 1978 U.S. Department of Health, education, and Welfare, public Health service","year":"1961"},{"key":"bibr47-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/msm.909012"},{"key":"bibr48-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.201300552"},{"key":"bibr49-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2009.04.065"},{"key":"bibr50-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2008.363"},{"key":"bibr51-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.01.032"},{"key":"bibr52-09603271251318968","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065028"}],"container-title":["Human &amp; Experimental Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09603271251318968","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/09603271251318968","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09603271251318968","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:49:19Z","timestamp":1777448959000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/09603271251318968"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/09603271251318968"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/09603271251318968","relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-3271","1477-0903"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-3271","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0903","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"article-number":"09603271251318968"}}