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The average amount of the 41% solution of glyphosate herbicide ingested by non-survivors was 184 \u00b1 70 ml (range 85-200 ml), but much larger amounts (500 ml) were reported to have been ingested by some patients and only resulted in mild to moderate symptomatology. Accidental exposure was asymptomatic after dermal contact with spray (six cases), while mild oral discomfort occurred after accidental ingestion (13 cases). Intentional ingestion (80 cases) resulted in erosion of the gastrointestinal tract (66%), seen as sore throat (43%), dysphagia (31%), and gastrointestinal haemorrhage (8%). Other organs were affected less often (non-specific leucocytosis 65%, lung 23%, liver 19%, cardiovascular 18%, kidney 14%, and CNS 12%). There were seven deaths, all of which occurred within hours of ingestion, two before the patient arrived at the hospital. Deaths following ingestion of 'Roundup' alone were due to a syndrome that involved hypotension, unresponsive to intravenous fluids or vasopressor drugs, and sometimes pulmonary oedema, in the presence of normal central venous pressure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/096032719101000101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,24]],"date-time":"2008-12-24T01:08:04Z","timestamp":1230080884000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":101,"title":["Acute Poisoning with a Glyphosate-Surfactant Herbicide ('Roundup'): A Review of 93 Cases"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Alan Ronald","family":"Talbot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, 176 Chunghua Road, Changhua, Taiwan 50022, Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mon-Han","family":"Shiaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, 176 Chunghua Road, Changhua, Taiwan 50022, Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinn-Sheng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, 176 Chunghua Road, Changhua, Taiwan 50022, Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu-Fen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, 176 Chunghua Road, Changhua, Taiwan 50022, Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tein-Shong","family":"Goo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, 176 Chunghua Road, Changhua, Taiwan 50022, Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shur-Hueih","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, 176 Chunghua Road, Changhua, Taiwan 50022, Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chao-Liang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, 176 Chunghua Road, Changhua, Taiwan 50022, Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas Richard","family":"Sanford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Changhua Christian Hospital, 176 Chunghua Road, Changhua, Taiwan 50022, Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1991,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf60184a057"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(80)90547-1"},{"key":"atypb3","unstructured":"Atkinson D. Toxicological properties of glyphosate - a summary. In: The Herbicide Glyphosate, eds E. Grossbard and D. Atkinson, pp. 127-33. London : Butterworths, 1985."},{"key":"atypb4","volume-title":"Joint Meeting Proceedings"},{"key":"atypb5","first-page":"55","volume":"1","author":"Talbot AR","year":"1990","journal-title":"Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"atypb6","volume-title":"Monsanto Product Information, Toxicology of glyphosate and Roundup herbicide","year":"1988"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(71)90060-X"},{"key":"atypb8","unstructured":"Litovitz T., Matyunas N. & Mortensen M. Instructions for American Association of Poison Control Centers National Data Collection System. Section on Medical Outcome. p. 22-23. National Capital Poison Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, 1988."},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198510000-00009"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004424-198806000-00005"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/64.1.152"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2549","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03420170095038","volume":"261","author":"Moses M.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-198907000-00040"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-6757(88)90252-5"},{"key":"atypb15","volume-title":"Summary of reported pesticide incidents involving glyphosate (Isopropylamine salt). 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