{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T22:31:31Z","timestamp":1785709891571,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1995,9,1]],"date-time":"1995-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":809913600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hum Exp Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>1 Groups of 60 male and 60 female B6C3F1 mice or Han- Ibm Wistar rats were exposed to HFA-134a using snout- only inhalation exposure techniques for periods of one hour daily for at least 104 weeks. HFA-134a was deliv ered directly from cylinders at vapour concentrations of 2500, 15 000 and 75 000ppm for mice and from metered-dose inhalers at vapour concentrations of 2500, 10 000 and 50 000ppm for rats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>2 Intended dosages were achieved.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>3 Evidence of absorption was found at each dose level and was dose related.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>4 Neither species suffered any treatment related effects on survival, clinical signs, body weights, haematology nor on the type, incidence, site or severity of gross lesions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>5 There was no effect of treatment on the type, incidence, site or severity of neoplasms in mice or rats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>6 There were no non-neoplastic findings related to treat ment in mice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>7 HFA-134a was considered not to be oncogenic and to provide a safe alternative to chlorofluorocarbons for use in pharmaceutical metered-dose inhalers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/096032719501400902","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,24]],"date-time":"2008-12-24T01:08:04Z","timestamp":1230080884000},"page":"706-714","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["HFA-134a (1 ,1, 1, 2-tetrafluoroethane): lack of oncogenicity in rodents after inhalation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"DJ","family":"Alexander","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicines Safety Evaluation Division, Glaxo Research and Development Ltd., Ware, Hertfordshire, SG12 0DP, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SE","family":"Libretto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicines Safety Evaluation Division, Glaxo Research and Development Ltd., Ware, Hertfordshire, SG12 0DP, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H-J.","family":"Chevalier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Pathology Services AG, Hauptstrasse 77a, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Imamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Consulting Company Ltd., PO Box, CH-1227 Carouge\/Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Pappritz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Patco, Experimental Pathology Consulting AG, Landstrasse 15, CH-4452 Itingen, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Consulting Company Ltd., Postfach, CH-4452 Itingen, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1995,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/249810a0"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jam.1991.4.181"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jam.1991.4.193"},{"key":"atypb4","author":"Alexander DJ","journal-title":"Hum Exp Toxicol"},{"key":"atypb5","unstructured":"Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Guidelines for testing of chemicals. Guideline numbers: 401 - Acute inhalation toxicology, 12 May 1981; 412 - Repeated dose inhalation toxicity 28 day or 14 day study, 12 May 1981; 453 - Combined chronic toxicity\/ carcinogenicity studies, 12 May 1981."},{"key":"atypb6","unstructured":"Sachsse K. et al. Measurements of inhalation toxicity of aerosols in small laboratory animals. In: Proceedings of the European Society for the Study of Drug Toxicity Vol XV, 1973, pp 239-251"},{"key":"atypb7","volume":"29","author":"Sachsse K.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Chemische Rundschau"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15298668391405959"},{"key":"atypb9","author":"Irwin F.","year":"1963","journal-title":"Ciba Symposium"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00401402"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1955.10501294"},{"key":"atypb12","volume-title":"Statistical Methods for Research Workers","author":"Fisher RA","year":"1950"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-8122-8"},{"key":"atypb14","first-page":"264","volume":"37","author":"Fry JS","year":"1988","journal-title":"Appl Statist"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1958.10501452"},{"key":"atypb16","first-page":"311","volume":"2","author":"Peto R.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Internat Agency Res Cancer Monographs"},{"key":"atypb17","unstructured":"PAFT (Programme for Alternative Fluorocarbon Toxicity Testing). HFA-134a toxicology summary, 1993."},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10915819209141498"}],"container-title":["Human &amp; Experimental Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/096032719501400902","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/096032719501400902","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:45:30Z","timestamp":1777448730000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/096032719501400902"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,9]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/096032719501400902"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/096032719501400902","relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-3271","1477-0903"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-3271","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0903","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,9]]}}}