{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T13:37:32Z","timestamp":1790861852396,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,1]],"date-time":"1998-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":896659200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hum Exp Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>1 In humans morphine is metabolised to morphine-3- glucuronide (M3G) which possess no opioid activity, and morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G) which is a potent opioid receptor agonist that probably contribute to the desired as well as toxic effects of morphine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>2 In order to investigate the possible effect of ranitidine on morphine glucuronidation indicated by clinical studies and later confirmed in vitro, a double blind cross-over study on eight human volunteers administered oral morphine plus ranitidine or placebo was conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>3 Urine was collected in fractions for 24 h. Serum and urine samples were prepared by solid phase extraction andmorphine, M3G and M6G were quantified by HPLC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    4 Ranitidine significantly reduced the individual serum M3G\/M6G ratio, and tended to increase the serum AUC\n                    <jats:sub>(0<\/jats:sub>\n                    - 90) of morphine. In contrast, ranitidine had no significant effect on the urinary M3G\/M6G ratio. The urinary recovery of morphine or morphine glucuronides was unaffected by ranitidine.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>5 Possible explanations to the apparent incongruity between the serum and urine data are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/096032719801700611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,15]],"date-time":"2017-01-15T15:54:05Z","timestamp":1484495645000},"page":"347-352","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Influence of ranitidine on the morphine-3- glucuronide to morphine-6-glucuronide ratio after oral administration of morphine in humans"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Tor A","family":"Aasmundstad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Forensic Toxicology, PO Box 9934 Ila, N-0132 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per","family":"St\u00f8rset","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of 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