{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:58:47Z","timestamp":1777928327463,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,10]],"date-time":"2011-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1320883200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Librarianship and Information Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Distance learning has flourished in Sudan during the last two decades; more and more higher education institutions offer distance learning programmes to off-campus students. Like on-campus students, distance learners should have access to appropriate library and information support services. They also have specific needs for library and information support services as a result of their distance from their university libraries. Advances in information and communication technology (ICT) and digital libraries have contributed positively in bridging the information gap for distance learners. This study investigates the library and information services support available to distance learners in Sudan. Structured interviews are employed for data collection. The findings reveal that distance learners in Sudan have very little library support available to them. In the light of these findings, a hybrid library support model is proposed based on other existing models of conventional and virtual support to distance learners around the world, arrived at through literature review and tailored to suit the distance learning situation in Sudan.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0961000611424587","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,12]],"date-time":"2011-11-12T01:31:55Z","timestamp":1321061515000},"page":"19-26","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A basic hybrid library support model to distance learners in Sudan"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Omer Hassan","family":"Abdelrahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Khartoum, Sudan"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0961000611424587","volume-title":"The experience of the Juba University Distance Education Centre","author":"Alsanosi TA","year":"2004"},{"key":"bibr2-0961000611424587","unstructured":"Aoki K, Pogroszewski D (1998) Virtual University Reference Model: A Guide to Delivering Education and Support Services to the Distance Learner. Available at: http:\/\/www.westga.edu\/~distance\/ojdla\/fall13\/aoki13.pdf."},{"key":"bibr3-0961000611424587","unstructured":"Association of Colleges and Research Libraries (ACRL) (2008) Standards for Distance Learning Library Services. Available at: http:\/\/www.ala.org\/ala\/mgrps\/divs\/acrl\/standards\/guidelinesdistancelearning.cfm."},{"key":"bibr4-0961000611424587","unstructured":"Barnard J (1999) Web Accessible Library Resources for Emerging Virtual Universities. Available at: http:\/\/www.westga.edu\/~library\/jlsde\/vol2\/1\/JBarnard.html."},{"key":"bibr5-0961000611424587","unstructured":"Bueher M, Dopp E, Hughes K, Thompson J (2001) It Takes a Library to Support Distance Learners. 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