{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T13:36:28Z","timestamp":1761917788307,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,10]],"date-time":"2012-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1349827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Librarianship and Information Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> In the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2008, with increasing unemployment, the small effects of economic stimulus packages and debt-ridden economies with deflationary tendencies, many economists see the downward economic trajectory of Japan as a possible route for the rest of the advanced OECD economies. In this context, the way Japanese public library services are affected by the \u2018hard times\u2019 is of interest regarding prospective developments in public libraries in the OECD countries outside Japan, and regarding the design of policies for maintaining high quality library services in a prolonged economic downturn. From 1997 the number of permanently employed librarians declined, and funds for materials shrank. Interviews with librarians, library directors, and leading officials at prefectural and ministerial levels, show that these changes were even more dramatic than the statistics reveal. Tentative explanations for the changes relating to the Japanese political economy are discussed. Hypotheses regarding both Japan specific policies and institutions, and imported neo-liberal policies and institutions are put forward. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0961000612456866","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,12]],"date-time":"2012-10-12T00:35:29Z","timestamp":1350002129000},"page":"248-253","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The library profession under pressure in Japan: Change in the construction state"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Andreas","family":"V\u00e5rheim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Troms\u00f8, Norway"}]},{"given":"Eisaku","family":"Ide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keio University, Tokyo, Japan"}]},{"given":"Moriano","family":"Iju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yokohama National University, Japan"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0961000612456866","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/lib.2007.0007"},{"key":"bibr2-0961000612456866","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511510069"},{"key":"bibr3-0961000612456866","unstructured":"Japanese Education and Literacy (2011) Available at: http:\/\/www.asianinfo.org\/asianinfo\/japan\/education_literacy.htm (accessed 1 June 2011)."},{"key":"bibr4-0961000612456866","unstructured":"Kawasaki Y, Yamaguchi G, Takashima R (1996) The Development of Public Libraries in Japan After World War II. Available at: http:\/\/www.ifla.org\/IV\/ifla62\/62-kawy.htm (accessed 10 May 2009)."},{"key":"bibr5-0961000612456866","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3022376"},{"key":"bibr6-0961000612456866","first-page":"1553","author":"Koizumi T","year":"2008","journal-title":"Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science"},{"key":"bibr7-0961000612456866","unstructured":"Nagata H (2007) Public Libraries in Japan: Triggers for the renovation of library service models. Available at: www.kc.tsukuba.ac.jp\/div-comm\/pdf\/Library_in_Japan.pdf (accessed 5 November 2009)."},{"key":"bibr8-0961000612456866","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11126\/stanford\/9780804773300.001.0001"},{"key":"bibr9-0961000612456866","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/14678040610654837"},{"key":"bibr10-0961000612456866","unstructured":"Social Education Act (2009) The Statute Book on Social Education. Tokyo: Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, pp. 11\u201338."},{"volume-title":"Japan Remodeled: How Government and Industry are Reforming Japanese Capitalism","year":"2006","author":"Vogel SK","key":"bibr11-0961000612456866"},{"volume-title":"Toshokan: Libraries in Japanese Society","year":"1976","author":"Welch T","key":"bibr12-0961000612456866"}],"container-title":["Journal of Librarianship and Information Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0961000612456866","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0961000612456866","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0961000612456866","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T03:59:48Z","timestamp":1741060788000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0961000612456866"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,10]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0961000612456866"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0961000612456866","relation":{},"ISSN":["0961-0006","1741-6477"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0961-0006"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1741-6477"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,10]]}}}