{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:53:40Z","timestamp":1777928020101,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]],"date-time":"2017-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511308800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2013\/11\/B\/HS2\/03048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013\/11\/B\/HS2\/03048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Librarianship and Information Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Large-scale distributed digital library systems with aggregated metadata provide platforms for resource discovery and retrieval. For researchers, aggregated metadata offers a potential for big data analysis and exploration of digital knowledge growth. The paper reports the findings of the study that investigated the distribution of the date elements in the metadata aggregated in the Polish Federation of Digital Libraries and related it to the types of libraries. The purpose of this study was to address the gap in research about heterogeneous digital libraries and explore the dynamics of their growth. The authors included timeline characteristics of the development of Polish digital libraries and proposed a new dynamics parameter \u2013 resource release interval. They used histograms, which have been grouped according to the organizational and thematic criteria, developed for this study. All charts are characterized by two similar maximum points. Their shapes and ratio have been analysed by both statistical and visual methods. The shape of resource release interval charts revealed characteristic differences for libraries types. The proposed approach, based on time characteristics, is an important step in the development of systematic classification of digital libraries and digitizing institutions. It can be also considered as a new tool in monitoring the dynamics of digital knowledge growth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0961000617742460","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]],"date-time":"2017-11-22T06:14:15Z","timestamp":1511331255000},"page":"710-720","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Distribution of date elements and its relationship to the types of digital libraries: Analysing aggregated metadata of a Polish large-scale distributed system"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Veslava","family":"Osinska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nicolaus Copernicus University, Poland"},{"name":"Nicolaus Copernicus University, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krystyna K.","family":"Matusiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Denver, USA"},{"name":"Nicolaus Copernicus University, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malgorzata","family":"Kowalska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nicolaus Copernicus University, Poland"},{"name":"Nicolaus Copernicus University, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bozena","family":"Bednarek-Michalska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nicolaus Copernicus University, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Malak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wroc\u0142aw University, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0961000617742460","first-page":"65","volume-title":"Academic Library: Infrastructure, School, Environment","author":"Bednarek-Michalska B","year":"2014"},{"key":"bibr2-0961000617742460","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.882575"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr3-0961000617742460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4573(98)00059-4","volume":"35","author":"Borgman CL","year":"1999","journal-title":"Information Processing and Management"},{"key":"bibr4-0961000617742460","volume-title":"Exploring Digital Libraries: Foundations, Practice, Prospects","author":"Calhoun K","year":"2014"},{"key":"bibr5-0961000617742460","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17723\/aarc.73.1.x381802g137421h3"},{"key":"bibr6-0961000617742460","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/648463"},{"key":"bibr7-0961000617742460","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18438\/B80S5K"},{"key":"bibr8-0961000617742460","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17723\/aarc.73.2.16rh811120280434"},{"key":"bibr9-0961000617742460","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17723\/aarc.77.1.3161547p1678423w"},{"key":"bibr10-0961000617742460","unstructured":"Gertz J (2007) Preservation and Selection for Digiti-zation. Andover, MA: Northeast Document Conservation Center. Available at: https:\/\/www.nedcc.org\/free-resources\/preservation-leaflets\/6.reformatting\/6.6-preservation-and-selection-for-digitization (accessed 20 April 2017)."},{"key":"bibr11-0961000617742460","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5860\/lrts.44n2.97"},{"key":"bibr12-0961000617742460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gregory L, Williams S (2014) On being a hub: Some details behind providing metadata for the Digital Public Library of America. D-Lib Magazine 20 (7\/8). Available at: http:\/\/www.dlib.org\/dlib\/july14\/gregory\/07gregory.html (accessed 20 April 2017).","DOI":"10.1045\/july2014-gregory"},{"key":"bibr13-0961000617742460","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00799-012-0101-4"},{"key":"bibr14-0961000617742460","unstructured":"Kowalska M (2006) Digitizing collections in Polish libraries: An attempt of national experiences. Biuletyn EBIB 11(81). Available at: http:\/\/www.ebib.pl\/2006\/81\/a.php?kowalska (accessed 20 April 2017). (in Polish)."},{"key":"bibr15-0961000617742460","first-page":"104","volume":"1","author":"Kowalska M","year":"2010","journal-title":"Przegl\u0105d Biblioteczny"},{"key":"bibr16-0961000617742460","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00799-004-0110-z"},{"key":"bibr17-0961000617742460","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17723\/aarc.77.1.gr125w680h64u277"},{"key":"bibr18-0961000617742460","first-page":"339","volume-title":"Digital Libraries","author":"Mazurek C","year":"2012"},{"key":"bibr19-0961000617742460","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0165551514559897"},{"key":"bibr20-0961000617742460","first-page":"59","volume-title":"Methods and Tools for Studying Scientific Writing and its Users","author":"Osinska V","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr21-0961000617742460","volume-title":"Digital Humanity Research on the Texts, Images and Sound","author":"Osinska V","year":"2016"},{"issue":"110","key":"bibr22-0961000617742460","first-page":"105","volume":"4","author":"Osi\u0144ska V","year":"2015","journal-title":"Culture and Education"},{"key":"bibr23-0961000617742460","first-page":"273","volume-title":"Proceedings of international UDC seminar 2013: Classification & visualization: Interfaces to knowledge","author":"Osinska V","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr24-0961000617742460","unstructured":"Polish Ministry of Culture and National Heritage (2009) Report on the Digitisation of Cultural Goods in Poland 2009\u20132020. Available at: http:\/\/www.kongreskultury.pl\/library\/File\/RaportDigitalizacja\/Programdigitalizacji2009-2020.pdf (accessed 20 April 2017). (in Polish)."},{"key":"bibr25-0961000617742460","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1472669610000678"},{"key":"bibr26-0961000617742460","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7227\/ALX.23.2.2"},{"key":"bibr27-0961000617742460","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10572317.2016.1146041"},{"key":"bibr28-0961000617742460","unstructured":"Swan A (2012) Policy Guidelines for the Development and Promotion of Open Access. UNESCO. Available at: http:\/\/unesdoc.unesco.org\/images\/0021\/002158\/215863e.pdf (accessed 20 April 2017)."},{"key":"bibr29-0961000617742460","unstructured":"Werla M (2010) Metadata in Digital Libraries. Repository of PCSS. Available at: http:\/\/lib.psnc.pl\/Content\/284\/CPI-Werla.pdf (accessed 20 April 2017). (in Polish)."},{"key":"bibr30-0961000617742460","volume-title":"Discover Digital Libraries: Theory and Practice","author":"Xie I","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr31-0961000617742460","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19386389.2011.629957"},{"key":"bibr32-0961000617742460","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01639374.2013.848316"},{"key":"bibr33-0961000617742460","unstructured":"Zernicka K (2015) Quality evaluation of Polish digital libraries. PhD Thesis, Nicolaus Copernicus University. Available at: https:\/\/repozytorium.umk.pl\/handle\/item\/2384 (accessed 20 April 2017). (in Polish)."}],"container-title":["Journal of Librarianship and Information Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0961000617742460","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0961000617742460","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0961000617742460","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:57:40Z","timestamp":1777676260000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0961000617742460"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0961000617742460"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0961000617742460","relation":{},"ISSN":["0961-0006","1741-6477"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0961-0006","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-6477","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]]}}}