{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T03:25:28Z","timestamp":1785813928230,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]],"date-time":"2020-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601337600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007135","name":"university of tennessee","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007135","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Librarianship and Information Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Public libraries serve as anchors for thousands of communities across the United States. Innovations are critical for the survival and relevance of public libraries in the country. Few studies, if any, identify the best practices for managing innovations in public libraries based on the experiential guidance shared by administrators of public libraries that are recognized for their innovations. This empirical study fills in the gap by identifying the challenges and solutions for managing innovations in public libraries in the USA. A thematic content analysis of qualitative responses collected through an online anonymous survey of 219 administrators of 211 innovations in 106 urban public libraries awarded for their innovations revealed 30 unique challenges to planning and implementing innovations and an equal number of solutions, which were then organized into five clusters: strategy, finance, organizational behavior, human resource management, and communication. Administrators and staff in public libraries need to develop competencies in these five areas to better manage innovations in the future. Other public libraries can learn, apply, and benefit from these best practices. The best practices for managing innovations, if applied, can enhance the perceived and real value of public libraries to their local communities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0961000620948567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]],"date-time":"2020-09-29T04:01:26Z","timestamp":1601352086000},"page":"431-443","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Best practices for managing innovations in public libraries in the USA"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2507-8157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Devendra Dilip","family":"Potnis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Winberry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Communication and Information, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3819-937X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bonnie","family":"Finn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clemens Library, College of Saint Benedict and Saint John\u2019s University, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0961000620948567","unstructured":"Albanese A (2020) Are public libraries in decline? Publishers Weekly, 3 April. Available at: https:\/\/www.publishersweekly.com\/pw\/by-topic\/industry-news\/libraries\/article\/82925-are-public-libraries-in-decline.html (accessed 3 June 2020)."},{"key":"bibr2-0961000620948567","unstructured":"American Library Association (2020) Library funding. Available at: http:\/\/www.ala.org\/advocacy\/library-funding (accessed 3 June 2020)."},{"key":"bibr3-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/JD-02-2019-0015"},{"key":"bibr4-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014920630102700602"},{"key":"bibr5-0961000620948567","volume-title":"Human Resource Management: An Experiential Approach","author":"Bernardin HJ","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr6-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/LM-10-2014-0131"},{"key":"bibr7-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/LM-04-2013-0033"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr8-0961000620948567","first-page":"36","volume":"33","author":"Bitter-Rijpkema M","year":"2012","journal-title":"Library Management"},{"key":"bibr9-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01616846.2018.1538765"},{"key":"bibr10-0961000620948567","unstructured":"Conrad S (2018) Spinning communication to get people excited about technological change. Code4Lib Journal 41. Available at: https:\/\/journal.code4lib.org\/articles\/13641"},{"key":"bibr11-0961000620948567","volume-title":"Fake News and Alternative Facts: Information Literacy in a Post-Truth Era","author":"Cooke N","year":"2018"},{"key":"bibr12-0961000620948567","volume-title":"Human Behavior at Work: Organizational Behavior","author":"Davis K","year":"1981"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr13-0961000620948567","first-page":"17","volume":"53","author":"Deiss K","year":"2004","journal-title":"Library Trends"},{"key":"bibr14-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/01435120810917297"},{"key":"bibr15-0961000620948567","unstructured":"EveryLibrary (2020) Press release: EveryLibrary statement on proposed cuts to IMLS. Available at: https:\/\/www.everylibrary.org\/prsaveimls (accessed 3 June 2020)."},{"key":"bibr16-0961000620948567","unstructured":"Flood A (2019) Britain has closed almost 800 libraries since 2010, figures show. Guardian, 6 December. Available at: https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/books\/2019\/dec\/06\/britain-has-closed-almost-800-libraries-since-2010-figures-show (accessed 3 June 2020)."},{"key":"bibr17-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/14678041011026874"},{"key":"bibr18-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/03074801111100454"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr19-0961000620948567","first-page":"104","volume":"22","author":"Goodman J","year":"2009","journal-title":"Aslib"},{"key":"bibr20-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00049670.2012.10722680"},{"key":"bibr21-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01616846.2015.1069674"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr22-0961000620948567","first-page":"9","volume":"9","author":"Hafner A","year":"1993","journal-title":"Democracy and the Public Library"},{"key":"bibr23-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/00242530410556210"},{"key":"bibr24-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01930826.2014.924310"},{"key":"bibr25-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/08880459610131772"},{"key":"bibr26-0961000620948567","volume-title":"Public Libraries, Public Policies, and Political Processes: Serving and Transforming Communities in Times of Economic and Political Constraint","author":"Jaeger P","year":"2014"},{"key":"bibr27-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13614533.2017.1388055"},{"key":"bibr28-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/LM-12-2014-0139"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr29-0961000620948567","first-page":"59","volume":"15","author":"Kermani Z","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Science and Management"},{"key":"bibr30-0961000620948567","volume-title":"Palaces for the People: How Social Infrastructure Can Help Fight Inequality, Polarization, and the Decline of Civic Life","author":"Klinenberg E","year":"2018"},{"key":"bibr31-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/LM-03-2017-0031"},{"key":"bibr32-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01930826.2014.965098"},{"key":"bibr33-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/LR-11-2015-0111"},{"key":"bibr34-0961000620948567","volume-title":"The Next Hundred Million: America in 2050","author":"Kotkin J","year":"2010"},{"key":"bibr35-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/01435120610668160"},{"key":"bibr36-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5465\/amr.2006.21318922"},{"key":"bibr37-0961000620948567","volume-title":"From librarian to proficient manager: The journey of public library front-line managers","author":"Leininger M","year":"2015"},{"key":"bibr38-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0002716217714180"},{"key":"bibr39-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/BL-12-2014-0034"},{"key":"bibr40-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ncr.219"},{"key":"bibr41-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961000611435038"},{"key":"bibr42-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01616846.2019.1571399"},{"key":"bibr43-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.4250140303"},{"key":"bibr44-0961000620948567","unstructured":"Pew Research Center (2013) How Americans value public libraries in their communities. Available at: https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/internet\/2013\/12\/11\/how-americans-value-public-libraries-in-their-communities-2\/"},{"key":"bibr45-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lisr.2018.06.001"},{"key":"bibr46-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3138\/jelis.57.2.187"},{"key":"bibr47-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961000619871991"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr48-0961000620948567","first-page":"1","volume":"22","author":"Rossmann D","year":"2019","journal-title":"Library Leadership and Management"},{"key":"bibr49-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/01435121111132266"},{"key":"bibr50-0961000620948567","volume-title":"A temporal model of mindful interactions around new service conception","author":"Rubleske J","year":"2012"},{"key":"bibr51-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/meet.14504701035"},{"key":"bibr52-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01616846.2011.599283"},{"key":"bibr53-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lisr.2015.04.009"},{"key":"bibr54-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01616846.2019.1608617"},{"key":"bibr55-0961000620948567","volume-title":"Introduction to Organizational Behavior","author":"Steers RM","year":"1981"},{"key":"bibr56-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lisr.2015.07.001"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr57-0961000620948567","first-page":"37","volume":"24","author":"Strange H","year":"2008","journal-title":"Library Times International"},{"key":"bibr58-0961000620948567","unstructured":"Urban Libraries Council (2018) Innovations Initiative. Available at: https:\/\/www.urbanlibraries.org\/innovations (accessed 3 June 2020)."},{"key":"bibr59-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/14601061011040221"},{"key":"bibr60-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/BL-12-2014-0033"},{"key":"bibr61-0961000620948567","first-page":"257","volume-title":"Innovation in Libraries and Information Services","author":"Walton G","year":"2017"},{"key":"bibr62-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/JD-06-2015-0079"},{"key":"bibr63-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lisr.2017.01.003"},{"key":"bibr64-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01930826.2019.1649966"},{"key":"bibr65-0961000620948567","unstructured":"Winberry J, Potnis D (forthcoming) Social innovations in public libraries: Types and challenges. The Library Quarterly: Information, Community, Policy."},{"key":"bibr66-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/LHT-07-2018-0094"},{"key":"bibr67-0961000620948567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/LHT-04-2019-0081"},{"key":"bibr68-0961000620948567","volume-title":"Bored and Brilliant: How Spacing Out Can Unlock Your Most Productive and Creative Self","author":"Zomorodi M","year":"2017"}],"container-title":["Journal of Librarianship and Information Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0961000620948567","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0961000620948567","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0961000620948567","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:58:15Z","timestamp":1777676295000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0961000620948567"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0961000620948567"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0961000620948567","relation":{},"ISSN":["0961-0006","1741-6477"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0961-0006","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-6477","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]]}}}