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Complicating the matter further, resources may differ in availability or delivery time depending not only on their media but also upon the source of the data stream describing them. How should libraries structure end users\u2019 options for searching discovery platforms in light of the many options available? This study used a nonexperimental design and quantitative methods to analyze users\u2019 revealed preferences for query type in twenty-four academic libraries in a data set containing metadata, sans queries, for over 64 million searches. Libraries studied were all located in California, used the same discovery layer software, and served similar user and faculty constituencies; however, the number of query types and pre-filtering options available differed between institutions. Results show that, when users were presented with the choice between search options, most conducted simple, more broad searches rather than complex and specific searches. When search options were highly constrained by the default choice architecture, but complex searches were possible, few users opted out of the default simple search. Implications for usability of discovery layers and the motivations of librarians in choice architecture are nontrivial and are discussed. The desires of librarians and \u201cpower user\u201d faculty must be balanced with the fact that most users are novices and users of all abilities are largely habituated to commercial search products which emphasize post-search results filtering. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/09610006221124609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]],"date-time":"2022-09-29T06:48:46Z","timestamp":1664434126000},"page":"1119-1142","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["To pre-filter, or not to pre-filter, that is the query: A multi-campus big data study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Heather L.","family":"Cribbs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"California Polytechnic State University, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9996-5587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel J.","family":"Gardner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California State University Long Beach, USA"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-09610006221124609","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19322909.2020.1784820"},{"key":"bibr2-09610006221124609","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/02640470910934623"},{"key":"bibr3-09610006221124609","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10572317.2018.1467166"},{"key":"bibr4-09610006221124609","unstructured":"Breeding M (2014) Web-Scale Discovery Services. 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Available at: https:\/\/knowledge.exlibrisgroup.com\/Primo\/Product_Documentation\/Primo\/Analytics\/Primo_Analytics_Subject_Areas\/Primo_Action_Usage (accessed 5 October 2021)."},{"key":"bibr9-09610006221124609","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.20041"},{"key":"bibr10-09610006221124609","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acalib.2021.102421"},{"key":"bibr11-09610006221124609","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6017\/ital.v37i2.10191"},{"key":"bibr12-09610006221124609","unstructured":"Gilmore T, Metko S, Gilbert C (2017) Sailing the wide-open seas of discovery: Assessing students\u2019 use and perceptions of summon for conducting research. In: At the Helm: Leading transformation: The proceedings of the ACRL 2017 conference, Baltimore, MD, 22 March 2017, pp.544\u2013557. Association of College and Research Libraries. Available at: http:\/\/www.ala.org\/acrl\/sites\/ala.org.acrl\/files\/content\/conferences\/confsandpreconfs\/2017\/SailingtheWide-OpenSeasofDiscovery.pdf (accessed 21 March 2017)."},{"key":"bibr13-09610006221124609","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961000616640031"},{"key":"bibr14-09610006221124609","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2019.102067"},{"key":"bibr15-09610006221124609","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1378"},{"key":"bibr16-09610006221124609","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19322909.2019.1598919"},{"key":"bibr17-09610006221124609","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4571(199304)44:3<161::AID-ASI5>3.0.CO;2-8"},{"key":"bibr18-09610006221124609","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0740-8188(01)00069-X"},{"key":"bibr19-09610006221124609","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-9236(99)00040-8"},{"key":"bibr20-09610006221124609","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.24611"},{"key":"bibr21-09610006221124609","unstructured":"Indiana University Center for Postsecondary Research (2018) Carnegie classifications 2018 public data file. 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