{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:59:13Z","timestamp":1777928353551,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,3]],"date-time":"2011-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1312329600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lupus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives. To assess the outcome of pregnancy and disease flare or differentiation into well-defined connective tissue disease (CTD), in a cohort of pregnant patients with undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD) and to compare these findings with those obtained from a population of non-pregnant women with UCTD. Methods. In total, 55 pregnancies (in 50 UCTD patients) were monitored from the positive pregnancy test until the sixth month after delivery. Likewise, during a 15-month timeframe, the incidence of flares or evolution into a major CTD was also recorded in a population of 53 non-pregnant women with UCTD. The Student t-test was applied for unpaired, continuous variables and chi-square was applied when percentages were compared. Results. The mean duration of the successful pregnancies was 38.6 weeks (range 28\u201342) while the mean birth weight was 3190 g (range 1200\u20134600 g). Three pregnancies (5.4%) ended in miscarriage. The following obstetric complications were found: five premature membrane ruptures, two preeclampsia and two intra-uterine growth restrictions. In a total of 16 patients (32%) the disease flared during pregnancy or during the 6-month post-delivery period. Of these, five developed well-defined CTD after delivery. In the control population, six patients flared (11%) and, of these, only one developed a well-defined CTD. Conclusions. If pregnancy is properly treated, the outcome in UCTD patients is generally good while, considering disease activity, pregnancy appears to be a clear risk factor for flare up or evolution into well-defined CTD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203311409610","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,4]],"date-time":"2011-08-04T00:20:14Z","timestamp":1312417214000},"page":"1305-1311","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Pregnancy in patients with undifferentiated connective tissue disease: a prospective case-control study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"G","family":"Castellino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Capucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ferrara and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Bernardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Padovan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Giacuzzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Pivato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ferrara and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Patella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ferrara and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S. 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