{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T11:36:40Z","timestamp":1790422600558,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,3]],"date-time":"2012-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343952000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lupus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of the present study was to assess the autoantibody profile, dominant clinical symptoms and cluster characteristics of different Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD phenotypes. Two-hundred-and-one patients with MCTD were followed-up longitudinally. Five clinical parameters, Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon, pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH), myositis, interstitial lung disease (ILD), erosive arthritis and five auto-antibodies besides anti-U1RNP, antiendothelial cell antibodies (AECA), anti-CCP, anti-cardiolipin (anti-CL), anti-SSA\/SSB and IgM rheumatoid factor (RF) were selected for cluster analysis. The mean age of patients was 52.9\u2009\u00b1\u200912.4 years and the mean follow-up of the disease was 12.5\u2009\u00b1\u20097.2 years. Patients were classified into three cluster groups. Cluster 1 with 77 patients, cluster 2 with 79 patients and cluster 3 with 45 patients. In cluster 1 the prevalence of PAH (55.8%; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon (92.2%; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and livedo reticularis (24.6%, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) was significantly greater than in cluster 2 and 3. In cluster 2, the incidence of ILD (98.7%; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), myositis (77.2%; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and esophageal dysmotility (89.8%; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) was significantly greater than that in cluster 1 and 3. In cluster 3, anti-CCP antibodies were present in 31 of 45 patients (68.8%) with erosions. Anti-CCP antibodies were present in 37 of 42 patients (88.0%) with erosions. PAH, angina, venous thrombosis was observed in cluster 1 and pulmonary fibrosis in cluster 2, musculosceletal damage, gastrointestinal symptoms and osteoporotic fractures were most frequent in cluster 3. Cumulative survival assessment indicated cluster 1 patients having the worst prognosis. Cluster analysis is valuable to differentiate among various subsets of MCTD and useful prognostic factor regarding the disease course.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203312456751","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,4]],"date-time":"2012-08-04T00:58:35Z","timestamp":1344041915000},"page":"1412-1422","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Distinct phenotypes in mixed connective tissue disease: subgroups and survival"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"P","family":"Szodoray","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Hajas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3rd Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 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