{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T04:09:26Z","timestamp":1791864566547,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,5]],"date-time":"2012-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1346803200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lupus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Systemic autoimmune\/granulomatous adverse reactions related to biomaterials other than silicone have rarely been reported. Aim: The aim of this paper is to communicate the cases of autoimmune\/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) in a study of Spanish patients suffering from inflammatory disorders related to biomaterial injections other than silicone, principally hyaluronic acid, acrylamides or methacrylate compounds. Methods: The authors performed a retrospective analysis of the clinical, laboratory, histopathology and follow-up of a cohort of 250 cases of patients suffering from inflammatory\/autoimmune disorders related to bioimplant injections. Results: Of these 250 cases, patients with adverse reactions related to silicone injections ( n\u2009=\u200965) were excluded. Of the remaining 185, 15 cases (8%) had systemic or distant and multiple complaints that could be categorized as ASIA. In all but four patients, inflammatory features at the implantation site preceded distant or systemic manifestations. Abnormal blood tests were common. Eleven cases (73.3%) with inflammatory localized nodules and panniculitis evolved into a variety of disorders, namely, primary biliary cirrhosis, Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome, sarcoidosis, human adjuvant disease and inflammatory polyradiculopathy. Four cases presented primarily with systemic autoimmune disorders. Conclusions: Infrequently, biomaterials other than silicone can provoke local inflammatory adverse reactions that may evolve into systemic autoimmune and\/or granulomatous disorders. Whether or not these biomaterials act as an adjuvant, they could be included in the ASIA category.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203312458838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,5]],"date-time":"2012-09-05T20:55:21Z","timestamp":1346878521000},"page":"1326-1334","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Autoimmune\/inflammatory syndrome (ASIA) induced by biomaterials injection other than silicone medical grade"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"J","family":"Alijotas-Reig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ageing Research and Systemic Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine I, Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital, Spain"},{"name":"Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Center for Nanomedicine, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V","family":"Garcia-Gimenez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Europa Medical Centre, Spain"},{"name":"Spanish Society of Medicine and Cosmetic Surgery, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Llurba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Center for Nanomedicine, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital, Spain"},{"name":"High-Risk Obstetric Unit, Obstetric Department, Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital, Spain"},{"name":"Center for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salut Carlos III, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Vilardell-Tarr\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ageing Research and Systemic Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine I, Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0961203312458838","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1473-2130.2004.00058.x"},{"key":"bibr2-0961203312458838","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/S1064-7406(23)00468-6","volume":"9","author":"Ellis DA","year":"2001","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"bibr3-0961203312458838","unstructured":"American Society of Plastic Surgery. 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