{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T15:08:48Z","timestamp":1791558528417,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,17]],"date-time":"2017-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1489708800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lupus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cathelicidin (LL-37), an endogenous antimicrobial peptide, has recently been involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. To assess whether LL-37 reflects disease activity, we measured serum levels of it in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with active and inactive disease compared to healthy controls. LL-37 was also compared between new and old cases. Moreover, the correlation of LL-37 and pro-oxidant, antioxidant balance (PAB) was measured.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study population consisted of 50 SLE patients and 28 healthy controls. Of those, 39 patients had active and 11 patients had inactive disease. Serum levels of LL-37 were measured by ELISA and PAB values by a special method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was no difference in levels of LL-37 between patients and healthy controls (50.9\u2009\u00b1\u200920.8 vs. 67.7\u2009\u00b1\u200943.3\u2009ng\/ml, P\u2009=\u20090.31). LL-37 did not correlate with SLEDAI and its items in total patients. LL-37 had a positive correlation with SLEDAI in active patients ( P\u2009=\u20090.01, r\u2009=\u20090.4). In active patients (78% of patients), multivariate regression analysis showed significant negative correlation between LL-37 and C3 ( P\u2009=\u20090.01, standardized beta \u20130.50). No difference was found in levels of PAB between patients and controls (90.4\u2009\u00b1\u200934.1 vs. 86.9\u2009\u00b1\u200925.6\u2009HK, P\u2009=\u20090.4).There was no difference in the levels of PAB between patients with active and inactive disease (93.2\u2009\u00b1\u200934.1 vs. 80.2\u2009\u00b1\u200933.7\u2009HK, P\u2009=\u20090.27). No correlation was found between levels of PAB and SLEDAI items and total score. However, a positive correlation between the levels of LL-37 and PAB in SLE patients was found ( r\u2009=\u20090.3, P\u2009&lt;\u20090.01).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Based on this study, serum LL-37 and PAB did not increase in lupus compared with healthy individuals. LL-37 serum values rose in parallel with SLEDAI in active disease. Positive correlation between serum PAB and LL-37 could be a great achievement of this study that may suggest the role of antioxidants in controlling NETosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203317691368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,17]],"date-time":"2017-03-17T09:13:04Z","timestamp":1489741984000},"page":"975-982","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Cathelicidin (LL-37) and its correlation with pro-oxidant, antioxidant balance and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross-sectional human study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Sahebari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatic Disease Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Roshandel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Golestan Research Center of Gastroentrology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Saadati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatic Disease Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Saghafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatic Disease Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Abdolahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint, Bone and Connective Tissue Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z","family":"Rezaieyazdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatic Disease Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0961203317691368","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3001180"},{"key":"bibr2-0961203317691368","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcibr1107085"},{"key":"bibr3-0961203317691368","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18388\/abp.2013_1983"},{"key":"bibr4-0961203317691368","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2155-9899.1000139"},{"key":"bibr5-0961203317691368","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0909927107"},{"key":"bibr6-0961203317691368","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3001201"},{"key":"bibr7-0961203317691368","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1100450"},{"key":"bibr8-0961203317691368","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.12.012"},{"key":"bibr9-0961203317691368","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203311398515"},{"key":"bibr10-0961203317691368","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0115474"},{"key":"bibr11-0961203317691368","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2012.07.030"},{"key":"bibr12-0961203317691368","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1423-0127-21-23"},{"key":"bibr13-0961203317691368","author":"Sahebari 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