{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T01:27:47Z","timestamp":1780536467173,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,11]],"date-time":"2017-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1491868800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lupus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the era of powerful immunosuppression, opportunistic infections are an increasing concern in systemic lupus erythematosus. One of the best-studied opportunistic infections is Pneumocystis pneumonia; however, the prevalence of Pneumocystis pneumonia in systemic lupus erythematosus is not clearly\u00a0defined. This study evaluates the prevalence of Pneumocystis pneumonia in hospitalized systemic lupus erythematosus patients, with a focus on validating the Pneumocystis pneumonia and systemic lupus erythematosus diagnoses with clinical information.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study evaluates the prevalence of Pneumocystis pneumonia in all systemic lupus erythematosus patients treated at Columbia University Medical Center-New York Presbyterian Hospital between January 2000 and September 2014, using electronic medical record data. Patients with human immunodeficiency virus\/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV\/AIDS) and patients with renal transplants (including both early and late post-transplant patients) represented immunocompromised control groups. Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, Pneumocystis pneumonia, HIV\/AIDS, or renal transplant were identified using diagnostic codes from the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Out of 2013 hospitalized systemic lupus erythematosus patients, nine had presumed Pneumocystis pneumonia, yielding a low prevalence of Pneumocystis pneumonia in systemic lupus erythematosus of 0.45%. Three of the nine Pneumocystis pneumonia cases were patients with concomitant systemic lupus erythematosus and HIV\/AIDS. Only one of these nine cases was histologically confirmed as Pneumocystis pneumonia, in a patient with concomitant systemic lupus erythematosus and HIV\/AIDS and a CD4 count of 13 cells\/mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      . The prevalence of Pneumocystis pneumonia in renal transplant patients and HIV\/AIDS patients was 0.61% and 5.98%, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given the reported high rate of adverse effects to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in systemic lupus erythematosus and the low prevalence of Pneumocystis pneumonia in hospitalized systemic lupus erythematosus patients, our data do not substantiate the need for Pneumocystis pneumonia prophylaxis in systemic lupus erythematosus patients, except in those with concurrent HIV\/AIDS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203317703494","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,12]],"date-time":"2017-04-12T01:12:51Z","timestamp":1491959571000},"page":"1473-1482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Low prevalence of\n                    <i>Pneumocystis<\/i>\n                    pneumonia in hospitalized patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: review of a clinical data warehouse"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"T M","family":"Kapoor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University School of Physicians and Surgeons, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Mahadeshwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University School of Physicians and Surgeons, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University School of Physicians and Surgeons, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine, Columbia University School of Physicians and Surgeons, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Kapoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Bathon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University School of Physicians and Surgeons, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Giles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University School of Physicians and Surgeons, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Askanase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University School of Physicians and Surgeons, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08916930500285352"},{"key":"bibr2-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1010.030985"},{"key":"bibr3-0961203317703494","unstructured":"Fuggle SV, Belger MA, Johnson RJ, Ray TC, Morris PJ. A new national allocation scheme for adult kidneys in the United Kingdom. United Kingdom Transplant Support Service Authority (UKTSSA) Users\u2019 Kidney Advisory Group and its Task Forces.\n                      Clin Transplants\n                      1998: 107\u2013113."},{"key":"bibr4-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3062.2012.00740.x"},{"key":"bibr5-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.12-0477"},{"key":"bibr6-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/71.1.5"},{"key":"bibr7-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)01104-6"},{"key":"bibr8-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197903083001002"},{"key":"bibr9-0961203317703494","first-page":"246","volume":"21","author":"Godeau B","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"bibr10-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780250602"},{"key":"bibr11-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780210107"},{"key":"bibr12-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199904)42:4<780::AID-ANR23>3.0.CO;2-M"},{"key":"bibr13-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39070"},{"key":"bibr14-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0144918"},{"key":"bibr15-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0b013e31817a7e30"},{"key":"bibr16-0961203317703494","first-page":"480","volume":"30","author":"Pope J","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"bibr17-0961203317703494","first-page":"265","volume":"19","author":"Petri M","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"bibr18-0961203317703494","first-page":"80","volume":"55","author":"Muller MP","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"bibr19-0961203317703494","first-page":"800","volume":"19","author":"Escalante A","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"bibr20-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199512040-00008"},{"key":"bibr21-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2014.01.007"},{"key":"bibr22-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lim SS, Drenkard C. 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Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after discontinuation of hydroxychloroquine in 2 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.\n                      J Rheumatol\n                      . 1996; 23: 199\u2013200."},{"key":"bibr45-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-010-8243-x"},{"key":"bibr46-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2787(66)90078-5"},{"key":"bibr47-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.55.6.1511"},{"key":"bibr48-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.149.3688.1111"},{"key":"bibr49-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(72)90350-4"},{"key":"bibr50-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.151.3708.347"},{"key":"bibr51-0961203317703494","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652005000300005"}],"container-title":["Lupus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0961203317703494","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0961203317703494","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0961203317703494","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T23:18:10Z","timestamp":1777677490000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0961203317703494"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,11]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0961203317703494"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0961203317703494","relation":{},"ISSN":["0961-2033","1477-0962"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0961-2033","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0962","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,11]]}}}