{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T19:51:37Z","timestamp":1782417097268,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,8]],"date-time":"2018-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1544227200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81601403"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81601403"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81603435"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81603435"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Guangdong Technology Project","award":["2016A020215043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016A020215043"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lupus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the characteristics and associated factors of invasive fungal disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus from Southern China.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective study was performed. Demographic and clinical characteristics, laboratory data, and radiographic manifestations were recorded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 45 lupus patients with invasive fungal disease (incidence 1.1%) were included. Twenty-three cases (51.1%) were infected with mold and 22 cases (48.9%) with yeast. Aspergillus spp. (44.4%) and Cryptococcus spp. (33.3%) were common. Aspergillosis mainly occurred in the lung. Cryptococcosis developed in the lung (40.0%), meninges (46.7%) and bloodstream (13.3%). Compared with yeast infection, mold infection tended to develop in patients with active lupus nephritis (65.2% vs. 31.8%, P\u2009=\u20090.03) and the mortality rate was higher (20.0% vs. 0%, P\u2009=\u20090.001). Co-infection with bacteria, virus or superficial fungi occurred in 12 patients (26.7%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that lymphopenia (odds ratio 2.65, 95% confidential interval 1.14\u20136.20, P\u2009=\u20090.02) and an accumulated dose of glucocorticoid (odds ratio 1.58, 95% confidence interval 1.10\u20132.25, P\u2009=\u20090.01) was associated with invasive fungal disease in lupus patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mold infection tended to develop in patients with active lupus disease with high mortality. Co-infection is not rare. Lymphopenia and an accumulated dose of glucocorticoid are associated with invasive fungal disease in lupus patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203318817118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,8]],"date-time":"2018-12-08T21:17:42Z","timestamp":1544303862000},"page":"77-85","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Invasive fungal disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus from Southern China: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1757-572X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Lao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respirology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0961203318817118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.md.0000091181.93122.55"},{"key":"bibr2-0961203318817118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203308101019"},{"key":"bibr3-0961203318817118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20683"},{"key":"bibr4-0961203318817118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Busca A, Passera R, Maffini E, et\u00a0al. 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