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The heterogeneity of CLE makes it difficult to understand its underlying pathogenesis and represents a therapeutic challenge. Recently, new insight into the pathogenesis of CLE has implicated various cytokines, opening doors to targeted biologic agents. We report a case of a 23-year-old female who presented with refractory LEP ulcers as an initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus. The lesions were resistant to multiple conventional therapies and remarkably responded to tocilizumab.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203320913944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,20]],"date-time":"2020-03-20T01:45:30Z","timestamp":1584668730000},"page":"791-794","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Successful treatment of refractory lupus erythematosus profundus with the interleukin-6 antagonist tocilizumab: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5196-8300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gehan","family":"Elolemy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Al Adan Hospital, Al Ahmadi, Kuwait"},{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman","family":"Al Rashidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Al Adan Hospital, Al Ahmadi, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Dehrab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Al Adan Hospital, Al Ahmadi, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ammar","family":"Almathkouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Al Adan Hospital, Al Ahmadi, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Varghese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Al Adan Hospital, Al Ahmadi, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Chikhly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Al Adan Hospital, Al Ahmadi, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatema","family":"Alkhawaja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Al Adan Hospital, Al Ahmadi, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0961203320913944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijwd.2017.03.002"},{"key":"bibr2-0961203320913944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11310780-000000000-00000"},{"key":"bibr3-0961203320913944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0b013e31829a8c39"},{"key":"bibr4-0961203320913944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2010.04746.x"},{"key":"bibr5-0961203320913944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.12144"},{"key":"bibr6-0961203320913944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27221"},{"key":"bibr7-0961203320913944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201310"},{"key":"bibr8-0961203320913944","first-page":"145","volume":"35","author":"Kory\u00fcrek \u00d6M","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cutan Ocul Toxicol"},{"key":"bibr9-0961203320913944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0b013e31823ecd73"},{"key":"bibr10-0961203320913944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-209668"}],"container-title":["Lupus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0961203320913944","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0961203320913944","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0961203320913944","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T23:22:03Z","timestamp":1777677723000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0961203320913944"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,19]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0961203320913944"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0961203320913944","relation":{},"ISSN":["0961-2033","1477-0962"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0961-2033","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0962","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,19]]}}}