{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:08:11Z","timestamp":1777928891270,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,7]],"date-time":"2021-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609977600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deputy of Research and Technology Development at Shiraz University of Medical Science","award":["1396-01-01-15250"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1396-01-01-15250"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lupus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Renal involvement is seen in about 40-82% of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) Asian patients. The exact diagnosis and classification of lupus nephritis are important for treatment and prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the value of electron microscopy (EM) in the diagnosis and classification of lupus nephritis compared with light microscopy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this cross-sectional referral-center 16-year study of lupus nephritis, the final diagnosis was based on the EM study. Primary light microscopy findings were compared with EM diagnosis. Moreover, Immunofluorescence patterns distribution was assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From 496 patients diagnosed with lupus nephritis based on EM, 225(45.4%) of patients were categorized in class IV, followed by 98(19.7%), 93(18.8%), 46(9.3%), and 14(2.8%) who were categorized into classes of II, III, V, and VI respectively. Only 1(0.2%) patient belonged to class I, and 19(3.8%) cases were diagnosed with mixed two classes. Using EM was essential for diagnosing 25.6% of cases taking the correct classification by light microscopy into account; however, disregarding correct classification, this could change to a 7.4% contribution rate of EM. The most common cause of misdiagnosis, disregarding incorrect classification, was inadequate or wrong tissue. Positive associations were detected between tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis of both electron and light microscopy with different classes (P\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While light microscopy is highly accurate for diagnosing lupus nephritis regardless of correct classification, EM contributes substantially to the correct classification of lupus nephritis types.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203320984539","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]],"date-time":"2021-01-13T19:28:54Z","timestamp":1610566134000},"page":"587-596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Electron microscopy study of 496 cases of lupus nephritis: A single-center experience"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Bahar","family":"Bagheri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0968-7964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seyed Mohammad","family":"Owji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simin","family":"Torabinezhad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hadi","family":"Raeisi Shahraki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amirhossein","family":"Kamalinia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seyed Hossein","family":"Owji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4438-5446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farshad","family":"Dehghani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2018.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203310374305"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.05780616"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2015.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.66027.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.11.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.00443.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","first-page":"Cd002922","article-title":"Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis","volume":"6","author":"Tunnicliffe DJ","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tunnicliffe DJ, Palmer SC, Henderson L, et\u00a0al. 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