{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T11:10:39Z","timestamp":1791976239473,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]],"date-time":"2022-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642550400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81801624"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81801624"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province of China","award":["A2019020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A2019020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lupus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Since dysregulation of total Interleukin (IL)-18 and IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP) may participate in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and contribute to the occurrence of non-autoimmune epilepsy, the aim of the current work is to investigate whether the interaction between IL-18 and IL-18BP plays any role in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus related seizures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from 137 SLE patients and 30 healthy controls (HC) were consecutively collected from 2020 to 2021. Serum levels of total IL-18 and IL-18BP for all patients and HC were measured by ELISA test. Free IL-18 was calculated based on the law of mass action.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among the 137 SLE patients, 103 had active disease and were classified into NPSLE ( n = 50) and Non-NPSLE ( n = 53) groups. Among the NPSLE patients, 16 had seizure disorders. Serum free IL-18 levels were increased in NPSLE (277.6 [150.9\u2013428.8]pg\/mL) and were correlated with disease activity (r = 0.268, p = 0.002). Moreover, serum free IL-18 levels in NPSLE patients with seizure disorders (350.9 [237.9\u2013455.9]pg\/mL) were significantly higher than the levels in those with other neuropsychiatric symptoms (237.7 [124.6\u2013428.8] pg\/mL).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The expression of free IL-18 was increased in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus(NPSLE), especially in NPSLE related seizures. Also, serum levels of free IL-18 were significantly increased in active SLE patients. In this regard, free IL-18 may be involved in the pathogenesis of NPSLE related seizures and associated with disease activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09612033211069853","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]],"date-time":"2022-01-19T03:48:51Z","timestamp":1642564131000},"page":"187-193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Elevated serum free IL-18 in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus patients with seizure disorders"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Renge","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijuan","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanfang 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