{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T19:16:07Z","timestamp":1782933367362,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]],"date-time":"2024-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707091200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lupus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (j-SLE) is a rare chronic auto-immune disease involving several organs. Neuropsychiatric (NP) SLE (NPSLE) is frequent in j-SLE and associated with increased morbidity\/mortality. Although NPSLE classification criteria exist, attributing NP features to j-SLE remains a major challenge. The study objective is to thoroughly describe j-NPSLE patients and assist in their diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a 4-year retrospective monocentric study of j-SLE patients. NP events were attributed to j-SLE using standardised diagnostic criteria and multidisciplinary paediatric clinical expertise. Clinical features, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)s and samples analysis including cerebrospinal fluid were assessed. A risk of j-NPSLE score was developed based on multivariable logistic regression analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 39 patients included, 44% were identified as having j-NPSLE. J-NPSLE diagnosis was established at the onset of j-SLE in 59% of patients. In addition to frequent kidney involvement (76%) and chilblains (65%), all j-NPSLE patients displayed psychiatric features: cognitive symptoms (82%), hallucinations (76%), depressed mood (35%), acute confused state (18%) and catatonia (12%). Neurological involvement was often mild and nonspecific, with headache (53%) in about half of the patients. The main features reported on brain MRI were nonspecific T2\/FLAIR white matter hyperintensities (65%), and cerebral atrophy (88%). Upon immunosuppressive treatment, clinical improvement of NP features was observed in all j-NPSLE patients. The score developed to attribute j-NPSLE probability, guide further investigations and appropriate treatments is based on hallucinations, memory, sleep and renal involvement (Sensitivity: 0.95 Specificity: 0.85). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neopterin assessment increases the score sensitivity and specificity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Physicians should carefully and systematically assess the presence of NP features at diagnosis and early stages of j-SLE. For j-NPSLE patients with predominant psychiatric features, a multidisciplinary collaboration, including psychiatrists, is essential for the diagnosis, management and follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09612033241229022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]],"date-time":"2024-02-05T09:53:46Z","timestamp":1707126826000},"page":"328-339","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Juvenile neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus: A specific clinical phenotype and proposal of a probability score"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Mathilde","family":"Labouret","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"General Paediatrics, Department of Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debr\u00e9 Mother-Child University Hospital, Reference Centre for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), AP-HP, Paris, France"},{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Trebossen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Robert Debr\u00e9 Mother-Child University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, UFR de M\u00e9decine Paris Nord, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Ntorkou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Radiology, Robert Debr\u00e9 Mother-Child University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Bartoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Paediatrics, Department of Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debr\u00e9 Mother-Child University Hospital, Reference Centre for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), AP-HP, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e9lodie","family":"Aubart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Neurology Department, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, University of Paris-Cit\u00e9, AP-HP, Paris, France"},{"name":"Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, French Institute of Health and Medical Research U1163, Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Auvin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Neurology, Center for Rare Epilepsies & Epilepsy Unit, Robert Debr\u00e9 Mother-Child University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, INSERM NeuroDiderot, Paris, France"},{"name":"Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigitte","family":"Bader-Meunier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Haematology-Immunology And Rheumatology, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, Reference Centre for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), AP-HP, Paris, France"},{"name":"Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Paediatric Autoimmune Diseases, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Baudouin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Robert Debr\u00e9 Mother-Child University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Corseri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Paediatrics, Department of Infectious Disease and Internal 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France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"Dumaine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Paediatrics, Department of Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debr\u00e9 Mother-Child University Hospital, Reference Centre for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), AP-HP, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monique","family":"Elmaleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Radiology, Robert Debr\u00e9 Mother-Child University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Fabien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Lyon, 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Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naim","family":"Ouldali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Paediatrics, Department of Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debr\u00e9 Mother-Child University Hospital, Reference Centre for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), AP-HP, Paris, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, UFR de M\u00e9decine Paris Nord, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cyrielle","family":"Parmentier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Armand-Trousseau Childrens\u2019 Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Pouletty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Paediatrics, Department of Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debr\u00e9 Mother-Child University Hospital, 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