{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:13:26Z","timestamp":1777929206629,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708905600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Anhui Institute of Translational Medicine","award":["2021zhyx-C22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021zhyx-C22"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003995","name":"Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2008085QH412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2008085QH412"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003995","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lupus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine. This study aims to determine whether there is a causal relationship between circulating IL-18 concentrations and the risk of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We collected significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with circulating IL-18 levels ( p &lt; 5 \u00d7 10\n                      <jats:sup>\u22128<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) as instrumental variables (IVs) from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 21,758 individuals of European descent. We mainly employed the inverse-variance weighed (IVW) method of two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) analysis to estimate the causality of circulating IL-18 levels on inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The IVW method results showed evidence of a causal relationship between IL-18 and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (OR = 1.32; 95% CI 1.15, 1.50; p &lt; .001) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) (OR = 1.22; 95% CI 1.06, 1.42; p = .007) in individuals of European ancestry. No significant heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy for SLE and T1D was detected. The sensitivity analysis, which involved removing confounding SNP, produced similar results for SLE and T1D. The results of sensitivity analysis using leave-one-out method indicated no single SNP significantly influenced the analysis results. However, we did not find any significant findings for multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, asthma, and osteoarthritis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our analyses suggest that circulating IL-18 is significantly related to SLE and T1D and may serve as a potential target for the treatment of these diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09612033241235868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T11:28:11Z","timestamp":1708946891000},"page":"403-408","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Genetically predicted circulating interleukin-18 levels are associated with risk of systemic lupus erythematosus and type 1 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Wei-Zi","family":"Qin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prevention and Health Protection, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xu-Fan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Suzhou Industrial Park Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Leng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China"},{"name":"Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Jing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China"},{"name":"Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fei-Fei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China"},{"name":"Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2453-5865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui-Xue","family":"Leng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China"},{"name":"Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, 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