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SLE and COVID-19 co-morbidity present unique challenges, as individuals with SLE may be at increased risk for severe COVID-19 illness due to immune system abnormalities and ongoing therapies. Effective management of both diseases requires careful monitoring, adherence to vaccination programs, preventive measures and approved and patient-tailored therapies. This review covers various aspects, including the clinical outcome of SLE patients infected by SARS-CoV-2, the impact of this infection on SLE onset or flare-ups and the benefits of vaccination for this population. Furthermore, this review presents the most recent recommendations on clinical management of COVID-19 in rheumatic patients, including those with SLE, discussing the currently available therapeutic options. Finally, we explore the most effective tools for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis in autoimmune conditions and examine prognostic biomarkers in COVID-19 rheumatic patients with potential implications on their clinical oversight. By adopting a comprehensive approach, we address these complexities from the virologist\u2019s perspective, aiming to improve health care for this vulnerable population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/09612033241309845","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]],"date-time":"2024-12-17T18:29:21Z","timestamp":1734460161000},"page":"117-132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Lupus and SARS-CoV-2: What have we learned after the pandemic?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Rachele","family":"Francese","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Ritt\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Lembo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7883-1523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuela","family":"Donalisio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","unstructured":"WHO. 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