{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T20:44:21Z","timestamp":1793133861843,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748390400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748390400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lupus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Previous studies indicate that the prognosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is poor in Africa. We surveyed African physicians for their perceptions of factors that impact negatively on optimal SLE care and interventions to improve care in Africa.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional, online survey of African dermatologists, rheumatologists, nephrologists, and internists was conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Responses from 226 respondents mostly from West Africa and East Africa, majority practicing in university and state-funded hospitals showed that the commonest reasons for late diagnosis of SLE in Africa were lack of awareness of the disease amongst primary care doctors (92.4%), financial constraints (80.3%) and lack of access to health care (62.5%). Consulting traditional healers, the belief of bewitchment, lack of availability of diagnostic tests and concomitant chronic infections, (tuberculosis and HIV) were also perceived to have resulted in diagnostic delays, especially amongst East and West African respondents. The overwhelming majority (&gt;90%) of respondents felt that increased health care and financial resources was the top priority to improving SLE care in Africa. Continuing medical education for generalists, training of specialists and patient education and awareness programs were considered less important interventions to improve SLE care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study reveals that the primary reasons for late diagnosis of SLE in Africa are lack of awareness among primary healthcare doctors and financial constraints. Thus, the need for greater financial resources, especially for appropriate medications, medical education and improving patient understanding of the disease through support groups, to improve SLE care and outcomes in Africa.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09612033251344059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T02:31:46Z","timestamp":1748485906000},"page":"858-863","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Physician perceptions of challenges and barriers to optimal care of systemic lupus erythematosus in Africa"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2710-899X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farhanah","family":"Paruk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of KwaZulu Natal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3339-5112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dzifa","family":"Dey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ghana, Medical School"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anisa","family":"Mosam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of KwaZulu Natal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oluwaytoyin Christina","family":"Amira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Lagos"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Tikly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of the Witwatersrand, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital"},{"name":"Johannesburg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-020-0677-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23887"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199812)41:12<2091::AID-ART2>3.0.CO;2-D"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203313509296"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/096120339500400303"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2019.104909"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-013-2217-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/ojra.2015.52006"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-022-05183-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2023.101894"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1974.00320240061006"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-021-00603-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203316640915"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr2.11749"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_2","unstructured":"United Nations. 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