{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:13:12Z","timestamp":1777929192140,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772409600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F31AR084335"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31AR084335"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01AR060026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01AR060026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lupus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Intervention to Improve Quality of life for African American lupus patients (IQAN) Project is a three armed randomized, wait list-controlled trial focused on providing a variety of self-management tools to participants. We focus on African American individuals with lupus due to the increased morbidity and mortality in this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine whether a unique \u2018a-la-carte\u2019 self-management program improved quality of life, decreased depression, and reduced perceived and biological indicators of stress in African American lupus patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Individualized intervention plans (IIP\u2019s) offered 1\u20134 options, including a mail-delivered arthritis kit, message board, support group, and enrollment in a self-management program. A \u2018set menu\u2019 control condition included a standardized chronic disease self-management program only, and a control condition was usual care (UC). Validated measures of stress, depression, and quality of life were collected in all patients before and after intervention activities. To evaluate changes between baseline and post-intervention, compact scores were compared across groups, using two-sample t-tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Improvements were observed in areas of stress management and pain management (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.05). The frequency of managing pain by applying positive techniques increased in the intervention group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.08), but the other two groups did not display such improvements. An increasing trend persisted in the intervention group in the frequency of applying stress management techniques (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.02) and decreasing trends in activity limitation were observed in both the intervention and set-menu control groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Better self-management outcomes were observed when participants were able to dictate the content or pace of the intervention program. This suggests that self-selection of program components has the potential to improve disparate trends in quality of life, disease activity and stress among African American lupus patients, which could impact future research and policy decisions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09612033261432151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T18:55:00Z","timestamp":1772477700000},"page":"581-591","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The intervention to improve quality of life for African American lupus patients project: Incorporating the element of choice to improve disease self-management and quality of life: A randomized controlled study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Edith M.","family":"Williams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Rochester Medical Center"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5344-3102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jerik","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rollins School of Public Health"},{"name":"Emory University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Larisa","family":"Bruner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inherited Excellence Institute"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiajia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jim C.","family":"Oates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical University of South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1100359"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2008.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2007.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203306072311"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/0961203302lu161oa"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/0961203305lu2184xx"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203319884646"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa035471"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24519"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-010-1509-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e328323daad"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2005.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.93.5.724"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/phr\/116.5.404"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-200306000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/1075553042245809"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2014.00234"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-015-0663-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20533"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20279"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg289"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2005.11.267"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15324796ABM2402_05"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21604","article-title":"A disease\u2010specific self\u2010help program compared with a generalized chronic disease self\u2010help program for arthritis patients","volume":"53","author":"Lorig K","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lorig K, Ritter PL, Plant K. 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