{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T07:09:17Z","timestamp":1789456157603,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782604800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lupus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our objective was to explore the correlation between serum (sGal-3) and urinary galectin-3 (uGal-3) levels and renal fibrosis (RF) severity in lupus nephritis (LN) patients, besides assessing their diagnostic performance for identifying moderate\/severe interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional controlled study recruited 150 participants: 50 LN patients, 50 diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) without LN, and 50 healthy controls. Both sGal-3 and uGal-3 levels were measured using ELISA. Histopathological assessment included evaluation of IFTA severity. Patients with LN were stratified into mild IFTA (&lt;26%) and moderate\/severe IFTA (\u226526%). Moreover, we performed correlation, ROC curve, and multivariable logistic regression analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      LN patients showed significantly higher sGal-3 and uGal-3 levels than other groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Both biomarkers exhibited strong positive correlations with IFTA percentage (sGal-3: rho = 0.76; uGal-3: rho = 0.81;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Unlike those with mild IFTA, moderate\/severe IFTA patients had significantly higher sGal-3 and uGal-3 levels (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Based on ROC analysis, uGal-3 had higher discriminatory ability for moderate\/severe IFTA (AUC = 0.903) than sGal-3 (AUC = 0.801). In multivariable logistic regression, both sGal-3 and uGal-3 levels were independently associated with moderate\/severe IFTA after adjusting for renal function parameters.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both sGal-3 and uGal-3 levels are significantly associated with RF severity in LN. The uGal-3 had superior diagnostic performance for moderate\/severe IFTA and may be a promising non-invasive RF biomarker in LN. Validation in large-scale prospective studies is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09612033261465933","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T04:49:38Z","timestamp":1782708578000},"page":"1134-1141","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of serum and urinary galectin-3 with renal fibrosis in patients with lupus nephritis: A cross-sectional controlled study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5465-6430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed Mohamed","family":"Fahmy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tanta University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasha Youssef","family":"Hagag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tanta University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amira Mahmoud","family":"Radwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tanta University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asmaa Mounir","family":"Emara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tanta University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Abdelazim","family":"Elmoghany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tanta University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000040987"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17040565"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.748225"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10030585"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-024-04107-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203308094361"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2024.119727"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2019.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2023.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-04434-9.50007-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0141-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0511167103"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfp097"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2012090909"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34426"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.10971012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2012.02.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2017.85"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.03.061"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.06.028"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64975-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu207"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.12126"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39026"}],"container-title":["Lupus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09612033261465933","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/09612033261465933","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09612033261465933","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T06:32:00Z","timestamp":1789453920000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/09612033261465933"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/09612033261465933"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/09612033261465933","relation":{},"ISSN":["0961-2033","1477-0962"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0961-2033","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0962","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]]}}}