{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:22:00Z","timestamp":1777929720131,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,12]],"date-time":"2017-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513036800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stat Methods Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In several areas of clinical research, it is common for trials to assign different sites of the participants\u2019 bodies to different interventions. For example, a randomized controlled trial comparing surgical techniques for correcting myopia may randomize each eye of a participant to a different operation. Under such bilateral (\u2018split-body\u2019) interventions, the observations from each participant are correlated. It is challenging to account for these correlations at the meta-analysis level, especially when the outcome is rare. Here, we present a meta-analysis model based on the bivariate binomial distribution. Our model can synthesize studies on patients who received one intervention at one body site, patients who received two interventions at different sites or a mixture of these two groups. The model can analyse studies with zero events in one or both treatment arms and can handle the case of incomplete data reporting. We use simulations to assess the performance of our model and to compare it with the bivariate beta-binomial model. In the case of bilateral interventions, our model performed well and outperformed the bivariate beta-binomial model in all scenarios explored. We illustrate our methods using two previously published meta-analyses from the fields of orthopaedics and ophthalmology. We conclude that our model constitutes a useful new tool for the meta-analysis of binary outcomes in the presence of split-body interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280217746436","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,13]],"date-time":"2017-12-13T04:05:45Z","timestamp":1513137945000},"page":"1998-2014","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A model for meta-analysis of correlated binary outcomes: The case of split-body interventions"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0955-7572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Orestis","family":"Efthimiou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dimitris","family":"Mavridis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche \u00c9pid\u00e9miologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cit\u00e9 \u2013 CRESS-UMR1153, Inserm\/Universit\u00e9 Paris Descartes, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adriani","family":"Nikolakopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerta","family":"R\u00fccker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, Medical Faculty and Medical Center \u2013 University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Trelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"},{"name":"Clinical Trials Unit, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Egger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Salanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0962280217746436","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j2835"},{"key":"bibr2-0962280217746436","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/31.1.140"},{"key":"bibr3-0962280217746436","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1206"},{"key":"bibr4-0962280217746436","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4172"},{"key":"bibr5-0962280217746436","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-985X.2008.00593.x"},{"key":"bibr6-0962280217746436","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280211432219"},{"key":"bibr7-0962280217746436","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.2012.664484"},{"key":"bibr8-0962280217746436","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.6383"},{"key":"bibr9-0962280217746436","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280208092559"},{"key":"bibr10-0962280217746436","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1761"},{"key":"bibr11-0962280217746436","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.2528"},{"key":"bibr12-0962280217746436","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1198\/tast.2010.10006"},{"key":"bibr13-0962280217746436","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simmonds MC and Higgins JP. 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