{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T08:11:29Z","timestamp":1774944689297,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10-11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,3]],"date-time":"2018-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535932800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010663","name":"H2020 European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["682540 TransMID"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["682540 TransMID"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006338","name":"Flemish Interuniversity Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["DESAFIO"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DESAFIO"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006338","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stat Methods Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Bivariate binary response data appear in many applications. Interest goes most often to a parameterization of the joint probabilities in terms of the marginal success probabilities in combination with a measure for association, most often being the odds ratio. Using, for example, the bivariate Dale model, these parameters can be modelled as function of covariates. But the odds ratio and other measures for association are not always measuring the (joint) characteristic of interest. Agreement, concordance, and synchrony are in general facets of the joint distribution distinct from association, and the odds ratio as in the bivariate Dale model can be replaced by such an alternative measure. Here, we focus on the so-called conditional synchrony measure. But, as indicated by several authors, such a switch of parameter might lead to a parameterization that does not always lead to a permissible joint bivariate distribution. In this contribution, we propose a new parameterization in which the marginal success probabilities are replaced by other conditional probabilities as well. The new parameters, one homogeneity parameter and two synchrony\/discordance parameters, guarantee that the joint distribution is always permissible. Moreover, having a very natural interpretation, they are of interest on their own. The applicability and interpretation of the new parameterization is shown for three interesting settings: quantifying HIV serodiscordance among couples in Mozambique, concordance in the infection status of two related viruses, and the diagnostic performance of an index test in the field of major depression disorders. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280218796252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,3]],"date-time":"2018-09-03T11:01:31Z","timestamp":1535972491000},"page":"3086-3099","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Measures for concordance and discordance with applications in disease control and prevention"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1803-9072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Aerts","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and statistical Bioinformatics, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adelino JC","family":"Juga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and statistical Bioinformatics, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Informatics, Faculty of Sciences, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niel","family":"Hens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and statistical Bioinformatics, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium"},{"name":"Centre for Health Economics Research and Modeling Infectious Diseases, Centre for the Evaluation of Vaccination, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (WHO Collaborating Centre), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0962280218796252","volume-title":"Categorical data analysis","author":"Agresti A","year":"2013","edition":"3"},{"key":"bibr2-0962280218796252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1198\/016214507000000419"},{"key":"bibr3-0962280218796252","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0172959","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0172959","volume":"12","author":"Juga AJC","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"bibr4-0962280218796252","first-page":"53","volume":"14","author":"Fr\u00e9chet M","year":"1951","journal-title":"Section A, Series 3"},{"key":"bibr5-0962280218796252","unstructured":"Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade (INS), Instituto Nacional de Estat\u00edstica (INE). Inqu\u00e9rito Nacional de Preval\u00eancia, Riscos Comportamentais e Informa\u00e7\u00e3o sobre o HIV e SIDA em Mo\u00e7ambique de 2009. 2010; 310p. https:\/\/dhsprogram.com\/pubs\/pdf\/ais8\/ais8.pdf."},{"key":"bibr6-0962280218796252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3089"},{"key":"bibr7-0962280218796252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2530704"},{"key":"bibr8-0962280218796252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3660"},{"key":"bibr9-0962280218796252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/esm.09.04.00456-en"},{"key":"bibr10-0962280218796252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.04.020"},{"key":"bibr11-0962280218796252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.1997.00076.x"},{"key":"bibr12-0962280218796252","first-page":"22","volume":"59","author":"Sheehan DV","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatr"},{"key":"bibr13-0962280218796252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(03)00177-X"},{"key":"bibr14-0962280218796252","unstructured":"Fishel JD, Bradley SEK, Young PW, et\u00a0al. HIV among couples in Mozambique: HIV status, knowledge of status, and factors associated with HIV serodiscordance. Further Analysis of the 2009 Inqu\u00e9rito Nacional de Preval\u00eancia, Riscos Comportamentais e Informa\u00e7\u00e3o sobre o HIV e SIDA em Mo\u00e7ambique 2009. Calverton, MD: ICF International, 2011, 55 p. https:\/\/dhsprogram.com\/pubs\/pdf\/FA71\/FA71.pdf."},{"key":"bibr15-0962280218796252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/kxu031"}],"container-title":["Statistical Methods in Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0962280218796252","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0962280218796252","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0962280218796252","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T18:02:00Z","timestamp":1740852120000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0962280218796252"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,3]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10-11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0962280218796252"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0962280218796252","relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-2802","1477-0334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-2802","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0334","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,3]]}}}