{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T14:35:53Z","timestamp":1772807753620,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1994,8,1]],"date-time":"1994-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":775699200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Stat Methods Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> In the late 1970s statisticians extended the methods for analysing loglinear and logit models for cross-classified categorical data to incorporate information about the ordinal structure of the categories corresponding to some of the classification variables. In this paper we review one class of such extensions known as association models. We consider association models with and without order restrictions on the parameters and we use these models to answer research questions about several medical examples involving ordered categorical data. We emphasize the interpretation of parameters in the association models and how this relates to the research questions of interest. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/096228029400300205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,26]],"date-time":"2007-11-26T23:32:02Z","timestamp":1196119922000},"page":"179-204","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Statistical models for the analysis of ordered categorical data in public health and medical research"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Ruth D","family":"Etzioni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen E","family":"Fienberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zvi","family":"Gilula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebrew University, Jerusalem"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shelby J","family":"Haberman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwestern University, Evanston"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1994,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","volume-title":"The lectures by Professor G Rasch over the theory of statistics (in Danish)","author":"Christiansen U.","year":"1966"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1979.10481650"},{"key":"atypb3","volume-title":"Understanding robust and exploratory data analysis","author":"Hoaglin DC","year":"1983"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0305004100013517"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-1809.1940.tb02264.x"},{"key":"atypb6","volume-title":"L'Analyse des donn\u00e9es, Vol. 1: La taxinomie, Vol. 2: L'Analyse des correspondences","author":"Benz\u00e9cri JP","year":"1973"},{"key":"atypb7","first-page":"320","volume":"76","author":"Goodman LA","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal of the American Statistical Association"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/aos\/1176345635"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1986.10478334"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/lnms\/1215457558"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1991.10475155"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/85.20.1626"},{"key":"atypb13","volume-title":"Personal communication","author":"Urban N.","year":"1993"},{"key":"atypb14","volume-title":"Categorical data analysis","author":"Agresti A.","year":"1990"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(93)90017-U"},{"key":"atypb16","volume-title":"Statistical models for ordinal variables","author":"Clogg CC","year":"1994"},{"key":"atypb17","volume-title":"The analysis of cross-classified categorical data","author":"Fienberg SE","year":"1980","edition":"2"},{"key":"atypb18","volume-title":"Analysis of qualitative data","author":"Haberman SJ","year":"1978"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1988.10478630"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/aoms\/1177699260"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1989.10478749"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1982.10477891"},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1988.10478659"},{"key":"atypb24","volume-title":"Statistical methods in cancer research","author":"Breslow NE","year":"1980"},{"key":"atypb25","volume-title":"Analysis of binary data","author":"Cox DR","year":"1989"},{"key":"atypb26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1983.10477950"},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Douglas R., Fienberg SE, Lee Mlt, Sampson AR, Whitaker L. 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