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Existing approaches struggle to distinguish scientific controversy from broader social conflict, limiting their ability to explain why science\u2019s legitimacy falters in politicized contexts. An institutional perspective instead shifts the focus from individual deficits to science\u2019s role as a social system\u2014embedded in tensions between expertise, politics, industry, and democratic accountability. We outline the implications for science communication and public engagement, arguing that meaningful participation requires not only understanding science\u2019s institutional role in civic life but also the capacity to evaluate scientific actors against cultural expectations and normative commitments. 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